Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41124074›Full record

ArticleThe European journal of general practice2025

Does one have to be queer to care for queer patients? A qualitative interview study with general practitioners in Germany.

Malte Radde, Philip Oeser, Anna Sophia Wittenstein, Eric Blumenauer, Marc Sebastian Melz, Wolfram J Herrmann

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The European journal of general practice, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Malte RaddeInstitute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0009-0002-5692-2090
Philip OeserInstitute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6719-1807
Anna Sophia WittensteinInstitute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0009-0009-1108-3888
Eric BlumenauerInstitute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0009-0009-0645-6934
Marc Sebastian MelzInstitute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0009-0009-7461-9993
Wolfram J HerrmannInstitute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9505-4911

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLGBT* (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, others) individuals are known to experience poorer health and restricted access to healthcare compared to cisgender-heterosexual individuals.

objectiveAs General Practitioners (GPs) are a patient's first point of contact with the healthcare system in Germany, this study examines GPs' perspectives on LGBT healthcare.

methodsIn this qualitative study, we conducted 19 semi-structured episodic interviews with GPs in urban and rural areas of Germany. The interviews were analysed using framework analysis.

resultsOur study shows LGBT* doctors feel more responsible for LGBT* healthcare than their cis-heterosexual colleagues. There is a perceived lack of knowledge and learning opportunities on LGBT* health needs for most interviewees. Cis-heterosexual GPs often feel unprepared to provide specific healthcare interventions to LGBT* patients and believe they lack the resources to improve their education on the topic. LGBT*-specific primary healthcare seems to be delivered by a small number of GP practices and primarily by LGBT* doctors. These LGBT* doctors recommend more widespread knowledge of LGBT* primary care and lives, to allow their colleagues to provide better care for these patients.

conclusionThere is a lack of knowledge on LGBT health needs and challenges among GPs in Germany, which needs to be addressed through structured training in medical school, and on a postgraduate level. This lack of knowledge leads to cis-heterosexual GPs feeling more insecure in providing care to LGBT* patients and LGBT* GPs providing a bigger share of LGBT* healthcare than their cis-heterosexual colleagues.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelGeneral PractitionersPrimary Health CareSexual and Gender MinoritiesAdultFemaleGermanyHealth Services AccessibilityHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedQualitative Researchaccess to careLGBT healthtraining and teaching

Identifiers

PMID41124074
PMCPMC12548066

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.