Evidence mapPaperPMID 41129127Full record

ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2025

Exome and Genome Sequencing Reveals Novel Variants for Severe Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes.

Nadja Vuori, Anni A Antikainen, Jani K Haukka, Valma Harjutsalo, Per-Henrik Groop, Niina Sandholm, FinnDiane Study Group

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Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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2citing papers in PubMed
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3 · Its place in the literature

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2 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Nadja VuoriFolkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
Anni A AntikainenFolkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
Jani K HaukkaFolkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
Valma HarjutsaloFolkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
Per-Henrik GroopFolkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
Niina SandholmFolkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
FinnDiane Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy affects a substantial proportion of individuals with diabetes and, if not treated, may lead to acquired visual impairment or even blindness. An improved comprehension of the genetics of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is crucial in understanding the disease mechanisms. We aimed to identify rare and low-frequency variants predisposing to severe DR (SDR) in type 1 diabetes. Methods: Whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) were performed for SDR in 1071 individuals with type 1 diabetes from the FinnDiane study (WES n = 490, WGS n = 581), altogether 800 with and 271 without SDR. We analyzed the genome using single variant, gene aggregate, sliding window, and regulatory regions analyses. Replication was sought in the FinnDiane genome-wide genotyping data and the UK Biobank summary statistics for WES. Results: The strongest association in the WGS data was found for an intergenic variant rs9940767 near the IRF8 gene (P = 5.7 × 10-7), while the meta-analysis of WES and WGS found a 3' untranslated region variant rs1239218274 on ZNF367 (P = 2.31 × 10-6). Gene aggregate analysis results were enriched for genes expressed in the retina and identified seven genes with suggestive association with SDR (P < 1 × 10-4), with evidence of replication for AFAP1L1, SLC30A9, HPS3, and PELI1. Sliding window analyses revealed a significant association between SDR and the CSMD2 gene (P = 6.84 × 10-8). In aggregate analyses for regulatory regions, the strongest association was found for the PCBP4 gene promoter (P = 1.22 × 10-5). Conclusions: This study suggests rare and low-frequency variants and genes associated with SDR in type 1 diabetes, in particular AFAP1L1, SLC30A9, HPS3, PELI1, and CSMD2. However, further validation is required to confirm their roles and mechanisms.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetic RetinopathyExomePolymorphism, Single NucleotideAdultExome SequencingFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyGenotypeHumansMaleMiddle AgedWhole Genome Sequencing

Identifiers

PMID41129127
PMCPMC12553471

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.