Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41131371›Full record

ReviewMolecular and cellular biochemistry2026

Navigating the complexities of epigenetic dysregulation in breast cancer and its implication in therapeutic interventions: a comprehensive overview.

Swathy Ravindran, Ravindran Vini, Arumugam Rajavelu, Kuzhuvelil B Harikumar, Sreeharshan Sreeja

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. The role of epigenetic alterations in canine mammary cancer.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Swathy Ravindran *Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (BRIC-RGCB), Thycaud PO, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India.
Ravindran Vini *Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (BRIC-RGCB), Thycaud PO, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India. vinir@rgcb.res.in.
Arumugam RajaveluDepartment of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600036, India.
Kuzhuvelil B HarikumarCancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (BRIC-RGCB), Thycaud PO, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India.
Sreeharshan SreejaCancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (BRIC-RGCB), Thycaud PO, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India.

Funding

DBT BioCARe grant BT/50706/BIC/101/1288/2023)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Breast cancer represents a multifaceted and heterogeneous condition characterized by both genetic and epigenetic alterations. Among these, epigenetic modifications-such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and noncoding RNAs-play pivotal roles in tumor initiation, progression, therapeutic resistance, and immune evasion. These alterations contribute to dysregulation of estrogen signalling, endocrine therapy resistance, and metabolic rewiring, posing challenges for conventional treatment strategies. Notably, our previous findings reveal that 27-hydroxycholesterol, an endogenous selective estrogen modulator, can induce epigenetic changes in (ER)-positive breast cancer cells. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the landscape of epigenetic dysregulation in breast cancer, emphasizing its impact on disease progression and therapeutic resistance. It details the intricate interplay between epigenetic players and the tumor immune microenvironment, which plays a crucial role in shaping treatment responses. In addition, the review highlights the on-going clinical trials and suggests addressing the gaps present in dissecting pathways of epigenetic reprogramming in breast cancer evolution and therapy outcomes. Unraveling these mechanisms reinstates opportunities for potential therapies targeting epigenetic pathways along with the conventional medicine, which is required in transformation of clinical management of breast cancer and potential enhancement of the patient's lifespan.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsDNA MethylationEpigenesis, GeneticGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticTumor MicroenvironmentAnimalsFemaleHumansBreast cancerEndocrine resistance EpigeneticsEpidrugs

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.