Evidence mapPaperPMID 41132501Full record

ReviewExtracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids2025

Tear-derived extracellular vesicles as diagnostic biomarkers for ocular and neurodegenerative diseases: opportunities and challenges.

Marta Sanroque-Muñoz, Sergio G Garcia, Linrong Pan, Marta Clos-Sansalvador, Miriam Font-Morón, Jéssica Botella-Garcia, Jordi Loscos-Arenas, Francesc E Borràs

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Marta Sanroque-MuñozREMAR-IGTP Group, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, Badalona 08916, Spain.
Sergio G GarciaREMAR-IGTP Group, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, Badalona 08916, Spain.
Linrong PanREMAR-IGTP Group, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, Badalona 08916, Spain.
Marta Clos-SansalvadorREMAR-IGTP Group, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, Badalona 08916, Spain.
Miriam Font-MorónREMAR-IGTP Group, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, Badalona 08916, Spain.
Jéssica Botella-GarciaOphthalmology Service, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona 08916, Spain.
Jordi Loscos-ArenasOphthalmology Service, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona 08916, Spain.
Francesc E BorràsREMAR-IGTP Group, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, Badalona 08916, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In recent years, the prevalence of ocular diseases has increased considerably. However, timely diagnosis and treatment are hampered by the challenge of early detection since symptoms often appear in advanced stages. Emerging research highlights extracellular vesicles (EVs) as potential biomarkers for ocular diseases, with tear-derived EVs offering a minimally invasive source for early diagnosis. Tears play a crucial role in maintaining eye health and reflect the physiological state of the eye; thus, abnormalities in tear composition can provide valuable insight into inflammatory eye diseases. Studies have demonstrated the utility of tear-derived EVs in identifying biomarkers not only for inflammatory eye diseases but also for neurodegenerative disorders, as they carry molecular signatures (including proteins and various RNA species) reflective of their cells of origin. In this review, we discuss the potential of tear-derived EVs as biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of ocular and neurodegenerative diseases and highlight the importance of standardizing tear collection and EV isolation protocols to ensure reproducibility.

Indexed as

biomarkersextracellular vesiclesneurodegenerative diseasesOcular diseasestears

Identifiers

PMID41132501
PMCPMC12540264

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.