Evidence mapPaperPMID 41132956Full record

ArticleTranslational lung cancer research2025

Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors in surgically limited-stage small-cell lung cancer.

Liang Shi, Hongxia Li, Lili Guo, Junfang Tang, Yuan Yang, Song Wei, Yujie Dong, Daping Yu, Shijie Zhou, Teng Ma and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Translational lung cancer research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Liang Shi *Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4325-2879
Hongxia Li *Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9702-1863
Lili GuoDepartment of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.
Junfang TangDepartment of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.
Yuan YangDepartment of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.
Song WeiDepartment of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.
Yujie DongDepartment of Pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.
Daping YuDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.
Shijie ZhouDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.
Teng MaDepartment of Central Laboratory, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8360-1543
Ling YiDepartment of Central Laboratory, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.
Jinghui WangDepartment of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4999-2106
Zhe LiuDepartment of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2691-7488

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive form of lung cancer. The emergence of chemoimmunotherapy has changed the mode of SCLC treatment. However, in limited-stage SCLC (LS-SCLC), the effectiveness and safety of chemoimmunotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting for LS-SCLC are not well-established. To address this gap, we conducted a study to evaluate neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in LS-SCLC. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients from Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, who underwent etoposide-based chemotherapy with programmed death-ligand 1/programmed death 1 (PD-L1/PD-1) inhibitors (neoCIT group) or without (neoCT group) prior to surgery for LS-SCLC between April 2019 and March 2023. The primary endpoints were to evaluate the major pathological response (MPR) and the pathological complete response (pCR). Secondary endpoints comprised event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. Results: A total of 31 patients with stage IIB-IIIB LS-SCLC were included, comprising 16 cases in the neoCIT group and 15 patients in the neoCT group. A pCR was observed in eight cases [50.0%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 28.0 to 72.0] within the neoCIT group, compared to one patient (6.7%; 95% CI: 0.3 to 29.8) in the neoCT group (odds ratio, 14.00; 95% CI: 1.71 to 164.20; P=0.02). An MPR was observed in 14 cases (87.5%; 95% CI: 64.0 to 97.8) within the neoCIT group, while three patients (20.0%; 95% CI: 7.0 to 45.2) were noted in the neoCT group, yielding an odds ratio of 28.00 (95% CI: 4.23 to 150.50; P<0.001). The median EFS was not achieved with neoCIT, while it was 19.0 months with neoCT (hazard ratio, 0.15; 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.62). The median OS was not reached for neoCIT, while it was 39.0 months for neoCT (hazard ratio, 0.23; 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.95). Grade 3 or 4 adverse events were observed in five patients in the neoCIT group (30.0%) and five in the control group (33.3%). Conclusions: Our study underscores the potential of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in resectable SCLC patients. The significant improvements in pCR, MPR, EFS, and OS compared to neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone offer a promising outlook for the future management of LS-SCLC.

Indexed as

immune checkpoint inhibitorsLimited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC)neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapyoverall survival (OS)pathological response

Identifiers

PMID41132956
PMCPMC12541650

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.