Evidence mapPaperPMID 41134464Full record

ArticleDiscover mental health2025

Effects of pearl millet diet on serum micronutrient status, mental health and meta-cognitive skills in athletes: a randomised controlled trial.

Kommi Kalpana, Alisha Saifi, Gulshan Lal Khanna, Dayakar Benhur Rao, Gurseen Rakhra, Ekta Tanwar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Discover mental health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kommi KalpanaDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research & Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, 121004, India. kalpana.fos@mriu.edu.in.
Alisha SaifiDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research & Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, 121004, India.
Gulshan Lal KhannaManav Rachna International Institute of Research & Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, 121004, India.
Dayakar Benhur RaoICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad, India.
Gurseen RakhraDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research & Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, 121004, India.
Ekta TanwarDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research & Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, 121004, India.

Funding

National Food Security Mission (NFSM), Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (MOAFM), Government of India (F.No.18-3/2022-NFSM (FTS-111308E)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMental health challenges, including anxiety, stress, depression, sleep disturbance and cognitive deficits, are prevalent among athletes due to continuous overtraining or field stress. Pearl millet is a nutrient-dense grain rich in lipids, iron, dietary fibre, and B vitamins and has potential benefits for mental well-being and improved cognitive function. Hence, the present randomised controlled trial aimed to study the effects of pearl millet diet on serum micronutrient status, mental health (anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance and disordered eating behaviour) and meta-cognitive skills in athletes.

methodsMale athletes (n = 60) aged 18-25 years were randomly allocated to experimental (EG) or control (CG) groups. The EG was provided with 1/3 of a pearl millet diet in lieu of regular cereals (wheat/rice) for 60 days, and the CG continued with a regular diet. Pre- and post-test blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis (haemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin, folate and vitamin-B12); mental health and meta-cognitive skills were determined via the SMHAT-1 and MCSS, respectively. The effects of the pearl millet diet on the study outcomes were determined via paired and independent sample t tests.

resultsCompared with the CG, the EG significantly decreased (p = 0.014) disordered eating behaviour and significantly improved meta-cognitive skills in planning (p < 0.046), monitoring (p < 0.041), evaluation (p = 0.024) and total MCSS (p = 0.020). Hb (p = 0.016) and serum vitamin B-12 significantly (p = 0.052) increased in the EG, but the mean difference between the EG and CG was significant for folate (p = 0.031) and Hb (p = 0.003).

conclusionPearl millet diet decreases the risk of disordered eating, and improves meta-cognitive skills and haemoglobin, micronutrient status in terms of folate and vitamin B-12 in athletes.

Indexed as

AthletesFerritinFolateMental healthMeta-cognitive skillsPearl milletVitamin B12

Identifiers

PMID41134464
PMCPMC12552201

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.