Evidence mapPaperPMID 41134512Full record

ArticleDiscover oncology2025

The potential of luteolin-conjugated mesoporous silica nanoparticles functionalized with folic acid in targeted cancer therapy in an in vitro model.

Maryam Hosseini, Masoud Homayouni Tabrizi, Bita Behboodian, Mozhgan Soltani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Discover oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Maryam HosseiniDepartment of Biology, Ma.C., Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
Masoud Homayouni TabriziDepartment of Biology, Ma.C., Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran. mhomayouni6@gmail.com.
Bita BehboodianDepartment of Biology, Ma.C., Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
Mozhgan SoltaniDepartment of Biology, Ma.C., Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study reports a novel targeted cancer therapy platform based on luteolin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles functionalized with folic acid (Lu-MSN-FA NPs). MSNs were synthesized via a CTAB-templated sol-gel process employing tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) in an ammonium hydroxide-catalyzed system at 45 °C, followed by surfactant removal through acidic methanol reflux. The resulting NPs were surface-modified with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTS) and conjugated with FA using EDC/NHS activation to enable selective receptor-mediated uptake in cancer cells. The characteristics of Lu-MSN-FA NPs were evaluated using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), revealing uniform, spherical particles with a favorable size for cellular uptake. Luteolin was successfully incorporated into the functionalized MSNs, achieving an encapsulation efficiency of 83.10%. Release assays indicated a controlled and sustained release pattern under experimental conditions. In vitro studies on AGS, HT-29, A2780, and A2058 cell lines revealed concentration-dependent cytotoxicity, with the highest sensitivity observed in A2780 cells. Cytotoxicity assays revealed the concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect of Lu-MSN-FA NPs, particularly on A2780 cells, with an IC50 of 5.7 µg/mL. Annexin V-FITC/PI dual staining and DAPI assays confirmed apoptosis induction. At the same time, real-time PCR demonstrated significant modulation of apoptosis-related genes (caspase 9 and p21) along with reduced expression of the antioxidant enzyme SOD. The Lu-MSN-FA NPs also exhibited robust free radical scavenging activity, underscoring their dual therapeutic potential. These findings indicate the effective formulation and controlled release performance of Lu-MSN-FA NPs, emphasizing their promise as a targeted delivery system for enhanced cancer therapy.

Indexed as

Antioxidant capacityApoptosisCytotoxicityLuteolinMesoporous silica nanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID41134512
PMCPMC12552203

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.