ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Cancer-derived exosomes: mediators of immune crosstalk and emerging targets for immunotherapy.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exosomes and lung cancer: Biogenesis, pathogenic mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic applications.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Review
- Treg-derived exosomal miR-146a orchestrates bidirectional Treg-CAF crosstalk to sustain immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1) association in metastatic and non-metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Macrophages in lung cancer: principal factors, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic opportunities: a narrative review.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Review
- A MUC1-ALIX complex regulates extracellular vesicle cargo loading with activated SRC to enhance pancreatic cancer progression.Cancer letters · 2026Article
- The synergistic applications of organoids and exosomes in disease modeling and disease treatment.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles Associated Metabolites as Intercellular Signalling Mediators in Disease and Therapy.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Advances in immunotherapy for colorectal cancer: overcoming resistance in mismatch repair-proficient tumors.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Unravelling the nexus of non-coding RNAs in cancer stemness and therapeutic drug resistance.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- From immune desert to hot tumor: the tripartite synergy of tumor microenvironment-exosomes-immunogenic cell death in pioneering solutions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exosomes, nanoscale extracellular vesicles secreted by various cell types, play pivotal roles in intercellular communication. In cancer, tumor-derived exosomes-referred to as cancer-derived exosomes (CDEs)-have emerged as critical regulators of immune evasion, tumor progression, and therapy resistance within the tumor microenvironment (TME). CDEs modulate immune cell function through the transfer of immunosuppressive proteins, cytokines, and non-coding RNAs, ultimately reprogramming immune surveillance mechanisms. This review provides an in-depth analysis of how CDEs influence major immune cell subsets-including T cells, B cells, NK cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells-thereby establishing an immunosuppressive TME. We also explore the potential of immune cell-derived exosomes (IDEs) as emerging immunotherapeutic tools capable of counteracting the suppressive effects of CDEs. Furthermore, we highlight exosome engineering strategies aimed at improving therapeutic cargo delivery, tumor targeting, and antitumor immune activation. Finally, we discuss how exosome profiling offers promise in liquid biopsy diagnostics and how integration with 3D tumor models and advanced bioengineering can accelerate the clinical translation of exosome-based cancer immunotherapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.