Evidence mapPaperPMID 41146009Full record

SynthesisBMC gastroenterology2025

Efficacy of GLP-1 receptor agonists and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists in managing MALFD: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Surtika Tamilwanan, Zoriah Aziz, Lim Yan Rong, Ahmad Naoras Bitar, Raghdaa Hamdan Al Zarzour, Salah A Alshehade

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC gastroenterology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. [Construction norms for the tiered diagnosis and treatment and standardized management center of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2026
    Guideline
  3. Article
  4. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Surtika TamilwananDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Bio-Medical Sciences, MAHSA University, Selangor, 42610, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-3003-5226
Zoriah AzizDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Bio-Medical Sciences, MAHSA University, Selangor, 42610, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7113-9323
Lim Yan RongDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Bio-Medical Sciences, MAHSA University, Selangor, 42610, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-6090-6361
Ahmad Naoras BitarDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Jalan Tembila, Besut, Terengganu, 22200, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0125-2683
Raghdaa Hamdan Al ZarzourDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Arab International University, Damascus, 16180, Syria. r-zarzour@aiu.edu.sy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9794-3552
Salah A AlshehadeDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Bio-Medical Sciences, MAHSA University, Selangor, 42610, Malaysia. salah_alsh@outlook.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8732-1883

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMetabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) affects up to 30% of the global population, yet effective pharmacological treatments remain limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of GLP-1 receptor agonists and dual GLP-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonists in managing MAFLD.

methodsWe systematically searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and Scopus, through July 2025. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing GLP-1 receptor agonists or dual GLP-1/GIP GIP receptor Agonists in managing MAFLD patients were included. Primary outcomes included liver fat content, liver enzymes, and glycemic parameters. Meta-analyses were performed with subgroup analyses by receptor target, treatment duration, control type, and age. In addition, implementing a formal GRADE evaluation framework.

resultsTwenty-six trials involving 3,453 participants were included. GLP-1 receptor agonists significantly reduced liver fat content (MD: -3.37%, 95% CI: -4.98 to -1.76, p < 0.001), ALT levels (SMD: -0.47, 95% CI: -0.73 to -0.22, p < 0.001), and AST levels (SMD: -0.29, 95% CI: -0.53 to -0.05, p < 0.05). Significant improvements were observed in HbA1c (SMD: -0.67, 95% CI: -0.99 to -0.34, p < 0.001), fasting glucose (MD: -0.60 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.92 to -0.27, p < 0.001), HOMA-IR (SMD: -0.34, 95% CI: -0.66 to -0.02, p < 0.05), and total cholesterol (MD: -0.23 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.30 to -0.15, p < 0.001). Liver stiffness showed no significant improvement (MD: -0.12 kPa, 95% CI: -0.75 to 0.50, p = 0.70). Dual GLP-1/GIP agonists demonstrated superior efficacy compared to mono GLP-1 agonists for reducing liver fat (MD: -7.15, 95% CI: -10.23 to -4.07, p < 0.001 versus MD: -2.44, 95% CI: -4.18 to -0.71, p < 0.01), representing a 2.9-fold greater effect. Long-term treatment (lasting over 48 weeks) demonstrated enhanced benefits across all outcomes. Overall, changes in body weight were not significant (MD: -1.51 kg, 95% CI: -4.07 to 1.06, p = 0.25).

conclusionsThis meta-analysis provides evidence for the effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonists in managing MAFLD, with dual GLP-1/GIP agonists demonstrating superior hepatic benefits. Long-term therapy (lasting more than 48 weeks) is necessary for optimal outcomes. These findings support clinical implementation, particularly for patients with concurrent diabetes or obesity, positioning dual agonists as promising advancements in treatment.

Indexed as

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseReceptors, Gastrointestinal HormoneBlood GlucoseGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorHumansLiverRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTreatment OutcomeBlood Glucosegastric inhibitory polypeptide receptorGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsReceptors, Gastrointestinal HormoneDual agonistGLP-1/GIP agonistsGLP-1 receptor agonistsLiver steatosisMetabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver diseaseNon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseNon-alcoholic steatohepatitisSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID41146009
PMCPMC12560356

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.