Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41146134›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Burden of migraine among university students in the Middle East and North Africa: a cross-sectional study of prevalence, mental health comorbidities, and disability.

Ahmed Amir Samir, Ahmed Samy Elgammal, Abdelrhman Mahmoud Alieldeen, Eman Gomaa Allam, Imen Ketata, Emna Ellouz, Rawan Gameel Hekal, Hossam Salameh, Nasrouha Didda, Naima Kebir and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Ahmed Amir SamirFaculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Nasr city, Cairo, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-3264-031X
Ahmed Samy ElgammalFaculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-0087-7222
Abdelrhman Mahmoud AlieldeenFaculty of Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Dakahlia, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-7335-2960
Eman Gomaa AllamFaculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cario, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-4070-2760
Imen KetataNeurology Department of Gabes, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Gabes, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3057-8028
Emna EllouzNeurology Department of Gabes, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Gabes, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2180-9445
Rawan Gameel HekalFaculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-6305-6020
Hossam SalamehFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-5346-9973
Nasrouha DiddaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine, Astrakhan University, Astrakhan, Russia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-7147-1888
Naima KebirFaculty of Medicine, Oran1 University, Oran, Algeria.
Abderrhman Abdelfattah SelimFaculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-0935-4645
Hussein Zeyad AtshanFaculty of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-9117-4481
Aiman Awad BashirFaculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-6702-1609
Riad Azzam KouzeihaFaculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath Campus, Beirut, Lebanon.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-6512-8072
Hanadi AlayiabFaculty of Human Medicine, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-5535-9252
Ibrahim Ali KabbashProfessor of Public Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. Ibrahim.kabbash@med.tanta.edu.eg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-1442
Migraine collaborative group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMigraine is a prevalent and debilitating neurological condition that significantly impact the academic lives of university students. Despite its high prevalence, migraine is often underreported, underdiagnosed, and inadequately managed particularly in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.

objectiveThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of migraine identified by screening, related disability, and psychological comorbidities among university students in the MENA region.

methodsWe conducted a multinational cross-sectional study among university students in 11 low and middle-income countries in the MENA region, using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. The convenience and snowball sampling methods were used. This study utilized a validated questionnaire to collect data on migraine frequency, characteristics, disability, associated depression, anxiety, and triggers.

resultsThe present study screened a total of 5,954 students for migraine. Of them, 26.1% screened positive for migraine. Iraq had the highest prevalence 38.9%, followed by Algeria 31.5%, and the lowest was in Egypt 19.9% and Morocco 18.4%. Common migraine triggers included sleeping disturbances 59.7%, noise 47.4%, and sun exposure 45.6%. Among positive cases, 23.2% had severe disability, 29.9% had moderate anxiety, and 72.5% had severe depression. The main predictors of migraine were females, older age, and non-medical field university students. Adequate hydration, sufficient sleep, regular physical activity, higher fluid intake, and extended study hours were associated with a lower risk of migraine. Daily caffeine consumption was associated with increased migraine risk. A modest negative relationship was found between academic success and migraine disability score.

conclusionOur results demonstrated a high proportion of students screened positive for migraine with significant associations to depression, anxiety, and disability. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to increase awareness about migraine-related comorbidities, screening programs to help in early detection, and lifestyle modification. Universities should develop and implement coping strategies to support affected students.

Indexed as

Cost of IllnessMental DisordersMigraine DisordersPersons with DisabilitiesStudentsAdolescentAdultAfrica, NorthernAnxietyComorbidityCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle EastAcademic lifeMENA regionMental healthMigrainePrevalenceUniversity students

Identifiers

PMID41146134
PMCPMC12557868

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.