ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2025
Global Trends and Forecast of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cancer, and Shared Risk Factors: Insights From the GBD 2021.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Interacting and joint effects of frailty and depressive symptoms in relation to risk of cardio-oncology comorbidity in older adults from three prospective cohorts.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Systematic review of cardiovascular care delivery across health systems in the Asia-Pacific: a regional roadmap for strengthening cardiovascular care.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Article
- Myocardial Infarction Without Standard Modifiable Risk Factors From 2025-2040: Forecast Analysis of Multinational, Population-Based Study.JACC. Asia · 2026Article
- Trends and future projections of cancer prevalence in patients with cardiovascular admissions.European heart journal open · 2026Article
- Development and validation of an interpretable machine learning model for predicting atrial fibrillation risk in middle-aged and older patients with coronary heart disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer share multiple risk factors and are the leading causes of morbidity and death worldwide. This study aims to examine historical and projected trends of the combined CVD-cancer global estimates and their shared risk factors.
methodsDeath and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with CVDs, cancers, and their risk factors were obtained from the GBD (Global Burden of Disease) 2021 study. Historical estimates from 1990 to 2021 and forecast data from 2025 to 2050 were examined across age groups, regions, sociodemographic index, and sex.
resultsIn 2021, CVD-cancer resulted in age-standardized DALY rates of 8009 per 100 000 population (63% contributed by CVD) and age-standardized mortality rates of 352 per 100 000 population (67% by CVD) globally. While age-standardized DALYs of the CVD-cancer burden declined by 30% (33% in CVD and 26% in cancer), crude DALYs increased by 46% from 1990 to 2021. CVD-cancer resulted in higher age-standardized DALY rates in men (9654 per 100 000 population) than women (6556 per 100 000 population). While low-middle sociodemographic index regions had the highest CVD-related age-standardized DALY rates (6744 per 100 000 population), high-middle sociodemographic index regions had the highest cancer-related rates (3388 per 100 000) in 2021. The top risk factors driving CVD-cancer morbidity burden in 2021 were high systolic blood pressure (largely CVD contribution), dietary risks (89% by CVD), and tobacco (60% by CVD), persisting to 2050.
conclusionsGlobal improvements in CVD-cancer age-standardized morbidity will be offset by the ever-rising crude CVD-cancer morbidity burden. Preventive efforts should prioritize key shared risk factors of hypertension, dietary risks, and tobacco.
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