Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41147748›Full record

ArticleAdvanced healthcare materials2026

Metronidazole-Loaded Cyclodextrin Nanogels for Antibacterial Therapy and Microbiota Regulation in Periodontitis.

Yanjing Ji, Ruichen Zhang, Dongyi Xu, Patrick C A van der Wel, Alessia Lasorsa, Guotai Li, Fangze Guo, Qihui Zhou, Patrick van Rijn

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced healthcare materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Yanjing JiDepartment of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-4814-7648
Ruichen ZhangDepartment of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands.
Dongyi XuDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands.
Patrick C A van der WelZernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-5390-3321
Alessia LasorsaZernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-6793-5845
Guotai LiQingdao Key Laboratory of Materials for Tissue Repair and Rehabilitation, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Tissue Rehabilitation Materials and Devices, School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266113, China.
Fangze GuoDepartment of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
Qihui ZhouQingdao Key Laboratory of Materials for Tissue Repair and Rehabilitation, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Tissue Rehabilitation Materials and Devices, School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266113, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2474-4197
Patrick van RijnDepartment of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-2208-5725

Funding

China Sponsorship Council 202106990010China Sponsorship Council 202108370100China Sponsorship Council 202207720009
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this study, a methacrylamide β-cyclodextrin-based nanogel (MACD nGel) is developed to load the antimicrobial drug Metronidazole (MNZ) for topical delivery for the treatment of periodontitis. The developed MACD nGel is synthesized by free radical polymerization and successfully loaded with MNZ. The nGel/MNZ system is shown to be effective against the main causative organisms of periodontitis, Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), and shows significant bacteriostatic effects and good cytocompatibility. In animal studies, the topical application of nGel/MNZ significantly attenuates the inflammatory response in periodontitis, reduces the expression of key inflammatory factors interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and improves the balance of the microbial composition of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). The study demonstrates that cyclodextrin nanogel (nGel) loaded with metronidazole not only provides an efficient drug delivery route but also has potential clinical applications and offers a novel strategy for the local treatment of periodontitis.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsCyclodextrinsMetronidazoleMicrobiotaPeriodontitisAnimalsFusobacterium nucleatumHumansMaleMiceNanogelsPolyethylene GlycolsPolyethyleneiminePorphyromonas gingivalisTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaAnti-Bacterial AgentsCyclodextrinsMetronidazoleNanogelspolyethylene glycol polyethyleneimine nanogelPolyethylene GlycolsPolyethyleneimineTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaantibacterialcyclodextrin nanogelsmicrobiota regulationperiodontitistopical metronidazole

Identifiers

PMID41147748
PMCPMC12973357

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.