Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41148655›Full record

ArticleAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Trends in 'Watch' and 'Reserve' Antibiotic Use in Primary Care in Kazakhstan: The Imperative for Enhancing Stewardship Strategies.

Kamila Akhmetova, Larissa Makalkina, Lyudmila Pivina, Lisa Lim, Nurlan Aukenov, Kuandyk Boranbayev, Rimantas Stukas, Tatiana Belikhina, Nurgul Aldiyarova, Assiya Turgambayeva and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Kamila AkhmetovaDepartment of Public Health and Management, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
Larissa MakalkinaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.ORCID 0000-0003-3486-9997
Lyudmila PivinaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey 071407, Kazakhstan.ORCID 0000-0002-8035-4866
Lisa LimGraduate School of Public Policy, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.ORCID 0009-0002-0857-9857
Nurlan AukenovResearch Administration, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent 160001, Kazakhstan.
Kuandyk BoranbayevSchool of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
Rimantas StukasFaculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania.ORCID 0000-0002-4591-5891
Tatiana BelikhinaDepartment of Scientific Management, National Research Oncology Center, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan.
Nurgul AldiyarovaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.ORCID 0000-0003-3191-2531
Assiya TurgambayevaDepartment of Public Health and Management, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
Yuliya SemenovaSchool of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.ORCID 0000-0003-1324-7806

Funding

Nazarbayev University 040225FD4722
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

antibiotic consumptionantimicrobial resistanceantimicrobial stewardshipdefined daily doseshealthcare providersKazakhstanprimary care

Identifiers

PMID41148655
PMCPMC12561045

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.