ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
Understanding the Microenvironment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiological Insights and Therapeutic Implications.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Impact of pulsed electromagnetic fields on intervertebral disc degeneration: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical evidence.Frontiers in aging · 2026Pooled it
- Biomaterials for intervertebral disc regeneration: Niche reprogramming, precision therapeutics, and structural reconstruction.Bioactive materials · 2027Review
- Ginsenoside Rh2 Attenuates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Modulating the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway to Suppress Apoptosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Integrated bioinformatics, single-cell analysis, and experimental validation identify quercetin as a potential therapeutic candidate for intervertebral disc degeneration.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Dual-Gene Edited Extracellular Vesicles Remodel the Redox Homeostasis to Inhibit Ferroptosis in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Microfragmented Adipose Tissue in Pain Management: Bridging Regenerative Biology and Clinical Therapeutics.Pain and therapy · 2026Review
- Proteomic signature of human annulus fibrosus and cartilage endplate: divergent matrisomal architectures reveal complementary roles in intervertebral disc homeostasis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Epigenetic research methods and animal models for intervertebral disc degeneration (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- A Challenge-Oriented Review of Delivery Systems for Cell and Gene Therapies in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Gingerol-loaded hollow manganese dioxide nanoparticles attenuate intervertebral disc oxidative stress.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Ferroptosis-Driven Senescence Loop as a Central Amplifier of Osteoarthritis Progression.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Integrated Molecular Docking and Network-Based Analysis Reveals Multitarget Interaction Patterns of Nutraceutical Compounds in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Current Perspective on Orthobiology Applications for the Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration (IDD)-A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- The Degeneration Paradox: Severely Degenerated Cervical Nucleus Pulposus Cells Display Enhanced Mechanoplasticity Under Moderate Cyclic Tensile Strain.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- TRPC6-Mediated CaCells · 2026Article
- ROS-Responsive Wedelolactone Hydrogel Promotes Intervertebral Disc Repair by Disrupting the NF-κB-LCN2 Inflammatory Feedback Loop.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- From Modic changes to the disc-endplate-bone marrow complex: imaging stratification, immune remodeling, and translational implications in intervertebral disc degeneration.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Emerging Biologics in Lumbar Disc Degeneration: PRP, Stem Cell Therapy, and Pharmacotherapy in Mobility Restoration and Rehabilitation.Journal of spine research and surgery · 2026Article
- The Biomechanical Landscape of Lumbar Disc Herniation: Mechanobiological Insights Into Injury and Regeneration.Neurospine · 2026Review
- Integrating cells, scaffolds, and molecular regulation: a mechanobiological and translational review of bioengineering therapies for intervertebral disc degeneration.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration is a leading contributor to chronic back pain and disability worldwide. This review comprehensively explores the complex interplay of cellular, molecular, and biomechanical alterations within the disc microenvironment that underlie intervertebral disc degeneration pathophysiology. Emphasis is placed on extracellular matrix degradation, cellular senescence, inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and multiple forms of programmed cell death including apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. An in-depth analysis of key signaling pathways and regulatory molecules illustrates how these processes disrupt homeostasis and drive disease progression. Additionally, the review highlights emerging therapeutic approaches aimed at modifying the disc microenvironment, including mesenchymal and notochordal cell-based therapies, senolytics, ferroptosis inhibitors, gene therapy, and biomaterial innovations such as hydrogels, scaffolds, and nanocarriers. These strategies target degenerative cascades at the molecular level and represent a shift toward regenerative and disease-modifying interventions. While several approaches show promise in preclinical and early clinical studies, challenges related to safety, delivery, and long-term efficacy remain. This review underscores the importance of integrating molecular insights with translational innovations to develop targeted therapies for intervertebral disc degeneration and guide future research efforts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.