Evidence mapPaperPMID 41155490Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Pharmacological Therapies for Consequences of Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury: Where Are We Now?

Paulina Gebala, Justyna Janowska, Joanna Sypecka

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Paulina GebalaNeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-4006-5875
Justyna JanowskaNeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-0093-8173
Joanna SypeckaNeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-1647-7711

Funding

National Science Centre (Poland) 2021/03/Y/NZ4/00214
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite significant progress in preclinical research aimed at developing effective therapies for the acute and long-term consequences of perinatal asphyxia, there is still a lack of clinical protocols to regenerate the neonatal brain damaged by hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury. To date, only therapeutic hypothermia is routinely used in neonates who have experienced perinatal asphyxia. It has been shown to be effective only in limiting the spread of brain damage caused by a cascade of molecular and biochemical events triggered by limited blood supply to the body's organs, including the fragile, developing brain. Ongoing clinical trials are exploring pharmacological approaches aimed at promoting neurogenesis and gliogenesis to repair damaged neural tissue, as well as modulating the neuroinflammation that results from the cellular response to HI injury. Among promising therapeutic agents, erythropoietin, and melatonin have emerged as major drugs with potential neuroprotective effects in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Erythropoietin is recognized for its anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory properties, supporting neural cell survival and regeneration. Melatonin acts as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, helping to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation triggered by HI injury. As clinical trials on suffering neonates are highly demanding, the ethical and practical concerns of therapeutic approaches are discussed. An urgent need to develop a safe, feasible, and effective clinical approach to promote the restoration of appropriate neurodevelopment in the near future is highlighted. This review summarizes the clinical trials conducted to date, discusses their outcomes and limitations, and considers translational potential of the tested treatment strategies.

Indexed as

Hypoxia-Ischemia, BrainNeuroprotective AgentsAnimalsAntioxidantsErythropoietinHumansInfant, NewbornMelatoninOxidative StressAntioxidantsErythropoietinMelatoninNeuroprotective Agentshypoxic-ischemic injurymedicinal chemistryneonatal brainneuroprotectionneuroregenerationpharmacological therapies

Identifiers

PMID41155490
PMCPMC12562570

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.