Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41156845›Full record

ReviewMicroorganisms2025

The Influence of Seasonal Variations in Clinical Trials Based on Gut Microbiota Studies.

Giovanna Cocomazzi, Concetta Panebianco, Annamaria Vallelunga, Daniele De Ruvo, Lino Del Pup, Serena Smeazzetto, Monica Antinori, Valeria Chimienti, Gabriele Maggio, Concetta Finocchiaro and 2 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Microorganisms, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Giovanna CocomazziGastroenterology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, Viale dei Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
Concetta PanebiancoGastroenterology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, Viale dei Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
Annamaria VallelungaStudio Vallelunga-Functional Nutrition, Via Manara 11, 04019 Terracina, Italy.
Daniele De RuvoGynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine Affidea Promea, Via Menabrea 14, 10126 Torino, Italy.
Lino Del PupGynecological Endocrinology and Fertility, University Sanitary Agency Friuli Central (ASUFC), Via San Valentino 18, 33100 Udine, Italy.
Serena SmeazzettoNEXT Genomics Srl, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3297-569X
Monica AntinoriRaprui Clinic, Via Timavo, 2, 00195 Roma, Italy.
Valeria ChimientiVMC-OsteoKinetic Studio, Via Roma, 26/a, 20096 Pioltello, Italy.
Gabriele MaggioPia Fondazione Cardinale Giovanni Panico, Via S. Pio X, 4, 73039 Tricase, Italy.
Concetta FinocchiaroIntegrative Medicine Unit, Humanitas Gradenigo, Corso Regina Margherita 8/10, 10153 Torino, Italy.
Viviana ContuIntegrative Medicine Unit, Humanitas Gradenigo, Corso Regina Margherita 8/10, 10153 Torino, Italy.ORCID 0009-0001-7774-365X
Valerio PazienzaGastroenterology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, Viale dei Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3492-1153

Funding

Italian Association for Cancer Research IG 2019-ID. 23006 projectItalian Ministry of Health Ricerca Corrente Program 2023-2025
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Seasonality is a key determinant in shaping the composition and function of the human gut microbiota, exerting its influence through multiple interconnected factors. These include seasonal variations in diet, environmental conditions (such as temperature, humidity, and sunlight exposure), behavioral patterns (physical activity, time spent outdoors), and the incidence of seasonal infections. These changes are most visible in certain populations where food availability follows a seasonal pattern. Increasing evidence suggests that gut microbiota composition undergoes seasonal variations, which may have significant implications for human health. In patients with non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs), where microbiota dysbiosis plays a crucial role in disease progression, understanding the seasonal effects on gut microbiota is essential. These dynamic changes impact the gut microbiota immune system interaction and may contribute to the onset or exacerbation of various diseases, including chronic inflammatory, metabolic, and autoimmune disorders. Most clinical trials on probiotics do not consider seasonality as a confounding variable, which could impact the interpretation of results and therapeutic efficacy, potentially biasing estimates of intervention efficacy or associations with disease. This review examines the current evidence on gut microbiota seasonality, discusses its potential bias, and outlines methodological considerations for future clinical trials.

Indexed as

dietarygut microbiotanon-communicable chronic diseasesseasonality

Identifiers

PMID41156845
PMCPMC12566549

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.