ReviewBMC medicine2025
Bioresponsive engineered nanoparticles for immunomodulation.
Review in BMC medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Immunological landscape of nanotechnology-based depression research: a bibliometric analysis of neuroinflammation and immune modulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Ablation-immunotherapy synergy in cancer: mechanisms of the abscopal effect, emerging clinical applications, and translational roadmaps for next-generation onco-immunology.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- 4D nanoimaging-guided smart therapeutics: spatiotemporal control of disease microenvironments.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Nanoparticle-Enabled Biomaterials for Controlled Drug Delivery in Implantable and Wearable Devices.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Silica based nanocarriers for combination immunotherapy targeting the tumor immune microenvironment.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Targeting Pathogenic Infection and Virulence Genes of Enterococcus Faecalis Using Lactoferrin Bismuth Nano-form.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Carbohydrate polymer-based biomaterials for light-triggered Photo-Immunotherapy: Design strategies, immune mechanisms, and translational outlook.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial nanomaterials at the nanoscale: design principles, mechanisms, and global challenges.Nanoscale advances · 2026Review
- Omics-Based Functional Fingerprinting of Nanoparticles in Cancer: Toward Predictive Nanomedicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Osteoimmunologic Basis of Biologic and Bioengineered Scaffolds in Fracture Healing.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Nanoparticles in Thyroid Autoimmunity: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Nanotechnology-Driven Cancer Therapies for Precision Oncology: Advances and Clinical Outlook.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- How Emerging Nanomaterials are Effective in Bone Regeneration?International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Targeted delivery platforms forFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as highly efficient drug delivery vehicles. NPs are characterised by their ability to safeguard drugs, enhance stability, prolong durability, and facilitate targeted tissue delivery. Moreover, NPs can be customised to either stimulate or suppress immune responses while evading immune detection. MAIN BODY: An increasing body of research demonstrated the therapeutic advantages of delivering various substances via surface-engineered NPs particularly in targeting immune cells. A broad spectrum of nanomaterials has been recognised for their superior ability to elicit immune responses, thereby enhancing disease prevention and therapeutic outcomes in vivo. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the impact of bioresponsive NPs on immunostimulation, immunomodulation, and immunosuppression. Particular focus is placed on how the physiochemical properties of these NPs influence the interaction between immune cells and host tissues, thereby achieving the desired immune regulation to combat various human diseases while reducing immunotoxicity. Additionally, we examined immune-inspired and immune-mediated strategies for the targeted delivery of NPs to specific sites within the body. Finally, we highlight the importance of understanding and focusing on immune cell trafficking mechanisms, as deeper insights into these processes may guide the rational design and fabrication of NPs capable of specifically targeting altered immune pathways under pathological conditions. This review offers an in-depth understanding of the diverse roles of bioresponsive NPs in immune regulation and targeted drug delivery, aiming to advance therapeutic strategies for a wide range of human diseases.
conclusionNanomaterials possess significant immunomodulatory capabilities, enhancing both disease prevention and therapeutic efficacy in vivo, yet their clinical translation is hindered by complex fabrication methods and high production costs. Future efforts must focus on simplifying synthesis and improving cost-efficiency to facilitate their adoption in clinical practice.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.