SynthesisFrontiers in neurology2025
Non-invasive brain stimulation combined with three rehabilitation approaches for cognitive and emotional well-being in Parkinson's patients.
Synthesis in Frontiers in neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Parkinson's disease progressively impairs both motor and non-motor functions, with over 60% of patients developing cognitive decline and nearly half suffering from depression or anxiety. While dopaminergic therapies inadequately address these symptoms, traditional rehabilitation shows inconsistent results due to impaired neuroplasticity. Non-invasive brain stimulation (tDCS/rTMS) may enhance rehabilitation by modulating neural activity, but the optimal combined approaches remain unclear. This study evaluates three rehabilitation strategies paired with brain stimulation to improve cognitive and emotional outcomes in Parkinson's patients. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), ultimately including 7 randomized controlled trials (15 interventions, Results: The analysis revealed that cognitive rehabilitation combined with non-invasive brain stimulation (CR) showed superior efficacy for cognitive improvement (SMD = 4.88, 95% CI [-1.91, 11.67]; SUCRA = 81.2), while combined motor-cognitive rehabilitation (MCR) excelled in emotional well-being (SMD = 4.76, 95% CI [2.70, 6.82], Conclusion: This study demonstrates that non-invasive brain stimulation combined with cognitive rehabilitation (CR) is the most effective approach for improving cognitive function in Parkinson's patients, while combined motor-cognitive rehabilitation (MCR) shows particular efficacy for emotional well-being. The findings support personalized intervention strategies: CR for cognitive impairment and MCR for emotional symptoms. Future research should optimize combined protocols to enhance synergistic effects while minimizing patient burden. This evidence-based recommendation provides important guidance for clinical practice in managing Parkinson's non-motor symptoms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.