Evidence mapPaperPMID 41165798Full record

ArticleDiabetologia2026

Persistent C-peptide secretion is associated with favourable CGM metrics in adults with type 1 diabetes.

Roland H Stimson, Anna R Dover, Catriona Clarke, Carina Conceicao, Lindsay McDonald, Lucy Miller, Helen Wise, Shareen Forbes, Rohana J Wright, Marcus J Lyall and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetologia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Roland H StimsonEdinburgh Centre for Endocrinology & Diabetes, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9002-6188
Anna R DoverEdinburgh Centre for Endocrinology & Diabetes, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
Catriona ClarkeDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
Carina ConceicaoDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
Lindsay McDonaldDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
Lucy MillerDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
Helen WiseDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
Shareen ForbesEdinburgh Centre for Endocrinology & Diabetes, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9127-0641
Rohana J WrightEdinburgh Centre for Endocrinology & Diabetes, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
Marcus J LyallEdinburgh Centre for Endocrinology & Diabetes, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
Mark W J StrachanEdinburgh Centre for Endocrinology & Diabetes, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
Fraser W GibbEdinburgh Centre for Endocrinology & Diabetes, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK. Fraser.gibb@ed.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0002-5576-6463

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisResidual endogenous insulin secretion, reflected by measurable C-peptide, has been linked to improved glycaemic management in type 1 diabetes. We aimed to assess the relationship between random plasma C-peptide levels and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics in a large, real-world cohort of adults with type 1 diabetes.

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis of adults with type 1 diabetes attending a single UK centre. Inclusion criteria were diabetes duration >1 year, random plasma glucose >4 mmol/l at C-peptide sampling and ≥70% data completeness on the Freestyle Libre 2 CGM device within the corresponding month. Associations between C-peptide categories (<50 pmol/l to >400 pmol/l) and CGM/HbA

resultsIn total, 945 adults with type 1 diabetes were included with a median age of 45 years (33-57) and median diabetes duration of 18 years (7-29). Of these, 54% were male and median HbA CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationRandom C-peptide measurement in routine care identifies adults with type 1 diabetes who are more likely to achieve CGM and HbA

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseC-PeptideDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1AdultBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansInsulinMaleMiddle AgedBlood GlucoseC-PeptideGlycated HemoglobinInsulinClinical diabetesClinical scienceDevicesHumanHypoglycaemia

Identifiers

PMID41165798
PMCPMC12686044

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.