ReviewHerzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie2025
Cardiac contractility modulation: an update.
Review in Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cardiac Contractility Modulation and Arrhythmic Burden in Heart Failure: Mechanistic Rationale, Clinical Evidence, and Future Perspectives.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Review
- Article
- Rationale and Design of the PREDICT-CCM Study: Predictive Value of Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography for Clinical Response to Cardiac Contractility Modulation Therapy in a Multicenter Italian Cohort.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Cardiac Contractility Modulation (CCM) Therapy in Contemporary Heart Failure Care: Mechanisms, Evidence, Patient Selection, and Emerging Directions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) represents an innovative device-based therapy for patients with heart failure (HF) who remain symptomatic despite optimal guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). It delivers biphasic, non-excitatory electrical signals during the absolute refractory period, enhancing myocardial contractility and relaxation. It improves calcium cycling and facilitates diastolic calcium reuptake. Therapeutic effects from key clinical studies and real-world experiences in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) are reviewed and the safety profile is examined. The design and objectives of the ongoing AIM HIGHer clinical trial in HF patients with mildly reduced (HFmrEF) or preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction are summarized. The design of the next-generation device combining CCM with defibrillator functionality (CCM-D) is presented. The objectives of the ongoing clinical study with CCM‑D, INTEGRA‑D, are discussed in detail.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.