ArticleArchives of toxicology2026
Human metabolism and pharmacological profiling of protonitazepyne and metonitazepyne, two highly potent nitazenes: prediction of main metabolite activity based on µ-opioid receptor docking simulations.
Article in Archives of toxicology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Investigation of the In Vitro and In Vivo Metabolism and μ-Opioid Receptor Affinity of the Nitazene N-Pyrrolidino Fluetonitazene.Drug testing and analysis · 2026Article
- Novel 2-Benzylbenzimidazole Opioids: Emerging Drugs of Abuse and Pharmacological Considerations with Nitazene Analogs.Current pain and headache reports · 2026Review
- 5-Methyl etodesnitazene human metabolism: LC-ESIAnalytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nitazenes have recently surfaced the illicit opioid market, causing numerous intoxications and fatalities. N-Pyrrolidino derivatives, protonitazepyne and metonitazepyne, have circulated since 2023 and have been involved in overdose intoxications. Their pharmacological properties remain largely unknown. However, pharmacokinetic/dynamic data are crucial for clinicians and toxicologists to manage intoxications and interpret legal cases. Protonitazepyne and metonitazepyne metabolism was assessed using human hepatocyte incubations and blood/urine from an intoxication case; samples were analyzed with liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry and software-aided data mining. µ-(MOR), κ-(KOR), and δ-(DOR) opioid receptor activation was assessed using a GTP G
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.