Evidence mapPaperPMID 41168941Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2025

Association Between the Malnutrition Status and Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Yixiang Liu, Zekun Zhang, Wenlong Zhao, Yun Zhou, Siyi Li, Yan Yan, Hui Ai, Jingyao Fan, Wei Gong, Shaoping Nie

Abstract read
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Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yixiang LiuCenter for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China.
Zekun ZhangCenter for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China.ORCID 0000-0002-9246-4210
Wenlong ZhaoCenter for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China.
Yun ZhouCenter for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China.
Siyi LiCenter for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China.
Yan YanCenter for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China.
Hui AiCenter for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China.
Jingyao FanCenter for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China.
Wei GongDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China.
Shaoping NieCenter for Coronary Artery Disease, Division of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMalnutrition is a critical modifiable risk factor in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), prevalent in ACS, is associated with adverse outcomes and may also affect nutritional status. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between malnutrition and long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with ACS with or without OSA.

methodsThis is a subanalysis of the OSA-ACS project, which consecutively enrolled patients with ACS who underwent portable sleep monitoring from June 2015 to January 2020. OSA was defined as an apnea hypopnea index ≥15 events/hour. Nutritional status was assessed using the Controlling Nutritional Status score, the Nutritional Risk Index, and the Naples Prognostic Score. The relationships between malnutrition and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events were analyzed.

resultsAmong 1756 patients enrolled, 931 (53.0%) had OSA, and the prevalence of malnutrition varied by assessment index: 47.4% (Controlling Nutritional Status score), 23.0% (Nutritional Risk Index), and 87.8% (Naples Prognostic Score). During 2.9 (1.5-3.5) years of follow-up, malnutrition was independently associated with the risk of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with OSA (adjusted hazard ratios [aHRs] for moderate-to-severe malnutrition, 2.707 [95% CI, 1.128-6.494] for Controlling Nutritional Status score, 1.647 [95% CI, 1.073-2.528] for Nutritional Risk Index, and 1.962 [95% CI, 1.069-3.601] for Naples Prognostic Score) but not in those without OSA. A linear dose-response relationship between the severity of malnutrition and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events was found in patients with OSA.

conclusionsFor patients with ACS, malnutrition is independently associated with the risk of cardiovascular events, particularly those with coexisting OSA. Proactive nutritional screening may help identify this high-risk subgroup.

Indexed as

Acute Coronary SyndromeMalnutritionNutritional StatusSleep Apnea, ObstructiveAgedCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition AssessmentPrevalencePrognosisRisk AssessmentRisk Factorsacute coronary syndromecardiovascular outcomesmalnutritionobstructive sleep apneaprognosis

Identifiers

PMID41168941
PMCPMC12684503

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.