Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41169815›Full record

ArticleScientifica2025

Development of Carrageenan and Starch-Based Bioplastics for Packaging Applications (Shopping Bags): Mechanical Characterization, Morphology, and Biodegradation.

Reni Giarni, Roni Sujarwadi, Yayat Iman Supriyatna, Indah Kurniasari, Maya Soraya, Renny Primasari Gustia Putri, Hendrawan Laksono, Heri Purwoto

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientifica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Reni GiarniResearch Center for Polymer Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST BJ Habibie, Setu, South Tangerang 15314, Banten, Indonesia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3183-8064
Roni SujarwadiMaterial and Structural Mechanics Laboratory, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST BJ Habibie, Setu, South Tangerang 15314, Banten, Indonesia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4690-0786
Yayat Iman SupriyatnaResearch Center for Mineral Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST Iskandar Zulkarnain, Tanjung Bintang, South Lampung 35361, Indonesia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1929-5975
Indah KurniasariResearch Center for Process Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST BJ Habibie, Setu, South Tangerang 15314, Banten, Indonesia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9802-2969
Maya SorayaResearch Center for Process Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST BJ Habibie, Setu, South Tangerang 15314, Banten, Indonesia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3177-2866
Renny Primasari Gustia PutriResearch Center for Process Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST BJ Habibie, Setu, South Tangerang 15314, Banten, Indonesia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3818-9278
Hendrawan LaksonoResearch Center for Process Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST BJ Habibie, Setu, South Tangerang 15314, Banten, Indonesia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6175-3610
Heri PurwotoResearch Center for Process Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST BJ Habibie, Setu, South Tangerang 15314, Banten, Indonesia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9534-3804

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

One approach to mitigating plastic pollution is the development of biodegradable plastic materials, such as bioplastics. Bioplastics are packaging materials that can be naturally degraded by microorganisms. In this study, bioplastics were produced using natural polymer compounds, specifically carrageenan and starch. The combination of starch and carrageenan was investigated to develop bioplastic packaging (shopping bags) with improved properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporating different types of starch (corn, sago, and cassava) into carrageenan-based bioplastics on their physicochemical and mechanical characteristics. The research involved the fabrication of bioplastics using a combination of carrageenan and various starches (corn, sago, and cassava), followed by characterization, including moisture content, thickness, tensile strength, elongation at break, functional group analysis using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and surface morphology analysis using scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Additionally, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and biodegradation tests were conducted following the ASTM G21 standard. The results indicated that starch variation did not significantly affect the mechanical properties, morphology, or biodegradation characteristics of the carrageenan-starch bioplastics.

Indexed as

ASTM G21bioplasticcarrageenanstarchtensile strength

Identifiers

PMID41169815
PMCPMC12571531

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.