Trial reportJournal of managed care & specialty pharmacy2025
Pharmacist care for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder electronic medication refills: A cluster randomized trial.
Trial report in Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Roles and impacts of pharmacists in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder services: a scoping review.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDuring the pandemic, the US government loosened restrictions on telemedicine prescribing for controlled substance refills. Parent requests for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication refills have increased electronic inbox workload for physicians. Pharmacists can now fulfill these requests via collaborative practice agreements, but scant information exists on the effectiveness of this approach.
objectiveTo compare pharmacist with pediatrician management of ADHD medication refill requests regarding quality, timeliness, and parent ratings.
methodsThis cluster randomized clinical trial assigned electronic ADHD medication refill requests from 63 medical facilities in a regional health care system to either Pharmacist Care by a regional team (32 facilities) or local Pediatrician Care (31 facilities) from May 14, 2024, to June 21, 2024. The primary outcome was prespecified in the study protocol as a quality measure to be evaluated among patients without weight and height recorded within 180 days before the refill request. This measure was based on national clinical guideline recommendations to monitor weight and height in children taking ADHD medications, which can be associated with reduced weight gain. It was met if the prescribing clinician collected a weight and height by parent report or initiated an in-person appointment.
resultsAmong 2,442 eligible refill requests among study patients (mean age = 11.6 [SD = 3.1] years, 28.6% female), 512 received Pharmacist Care and 1,930 received Pediatrician Care; the latter group included 706 patients with unintended crossover from the group assigned to Pharmacist Care. Of the 793 refill requests eligible for evaluation of the primary outcome, 88.6% (132/149) with Pharmacist Care and 66.1% (426/644) with Pediatrician Care met the quality measure (adjusted rate ratio = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.13-1.40). Compared with pediatricians, pharmacists had slightly longer times to prescription ordering (median = 2.15 vs 1.78 hours, difference = 22 minutes) but similar times to medication filling and similar parent ratings of quality.
conclusionsPharmacist management yielded more consistent quality of care and similar timeliness and parent ratings as pediatrician management of electronic ADHD medication refill requests.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.