Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41173504›Full record

ArticleBMJ open respiratory research2025

Clinical and cost-effectiveness of diverse posthospitalisation pathways for COVID-19: a UK evaluation using the PHOSP-COVID cohort.

Andrew H Briggs, Andrew Ibbetson, Archie Walters, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Natalie Armstrong, Tristan Emerson, Rhyan Gill, Claire Hastie, Paul Little, Charlotte Overton and 27 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open respiratory research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Consortium-Based Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement for Long COVID Research: A Pirit-Focused Impact Evaluation of the PHOSP-COVID Study.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

37 authors.

Andrew H BriggsDepartment of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK andrew.briggs@lshtm.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0777-1997
Andrew IbbetsonDepartment of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Archie WaltersDepartment of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Linzy Houchen-WolloffNIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre - Respiratory, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
Natalie ArmstrongDepartment of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Tristan EmersonDepartment of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Rhyan GillPPI Group, BBC Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Claire HastieLong Covid Support, London, UK.
Paul LittlePrimary Care Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Charlotte OvertonDepartment of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
John PimmHealthy Minds, The Buckinghamshire IAPT Service, Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Krisnah PoinasamyAsthma + Lung UK, London, UK.
Sally SinghCardiac/Pulmonary Rehabilitation, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Samantha WalkerAsthma + Lung UK, London, UK.
Olivia C LeavyThe Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Respiratory, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Matthew RichardsonLeicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, National Institute for Health Research, Leicester, UK.
Omer ElneimaNIHR Biomedical Respiratory Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Hamish McAuleyDepartment of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Aarti ShikotraThe Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre- Respiratory, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Amisha SingapuriThe Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre- Respiratory, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Marco SerenoThe Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre- Respiratory, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Ruth M SaundersThe Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre- Respiratory, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Victoria C HarrisUniversity Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Neil J GreeningRespiratory Medicine, Institute for Lung Health, Leicester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0453-7529
Ewen HarrisonUniversity of Edinburgh Centre for Medical Informatics, The Usher Institute, Edinburgh, UK.
Annemarie DochertyUniversity of Edinburgh Centre for Medical Informatics, The Usher Institute, Edinburgh, UK.
Nazir I LoneUsher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2707-2779
Jennifer K QuintSchool of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK.
James ChalmersTayside Respiratory Research Group, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5514-7868
Ling-Pei HoMRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8319-301X
Alex Robert HorsleyRespiratory Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1828-0058
Betty RamanDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK.
Louise V WainThe Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Respiratory, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4951-1867
Christopher E BrightlingDepartment of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Michael MarksDepartment of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Rachael A EvansDepartment of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1667-868X
PHOSP-COVID Study Collaborative Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLong covid has emerged as a complex health condition for millions of people worldwide following the COVID-19 pandemic. Previously, we have categorised healthcare pathways for patients after discharge from hospital with COVID-19 across 45 UK sites. The aim of this work was to estimate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of these pathways.

methodsWe examined prospectively collected data from 1013 patients at 12 months postdischarge on whether they felt fully recovered (self-report), number of newly diagnosed conditions (NDC), quality of life (EuroQoL-five dimension-five level (EQ-5D-5L) utility score compared with pre-COVID estimate) and healthcare resource costs (healthcare records). An analysis of the cost-effectiveness was performed by combining the healthcare resource cost and 1-year EQ-5D (giving a quality-adjusted life-year (QALY)) using statistical models that accounted for observed confounding.

resultsAt 1 year, 29% of participants felt fully recovered, and 41% of patients had an NDC. The most comprehensive services, where all patients could potentially access assessment, rehabilitation and mental health services, were more clinically effective when compared with either no service or light touch services (mean (SE) QALY 0.789 (0.012) vs 0.725 (0.026)), with an estimated cost per QALY of £1700 (95% uncertainty interval: dominated to £24 800).

conclusionOur analysis supports the need for proactive, stratified, comprehensive follow-up, particularly assessment and rehabilitation for adults after hospitalisation with COVID-19, showing these services are likely to be both clinically and cost-effective according to commonly accepted thresholds.

Indexed as

COVID-19AdultAgedCost-Benefit AnalysisFemaleHealth Care CostsHumansMaleMiddle AgedPatient DischargeProspective StudiesQuality-Adjusted Life YearsQuality of LifeSARS-CoV-2United KingdomCOVID-19Health Economist

Identifiers

PMID41173504
PMCPMC12581062

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.