Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41174039›Full record

ArticleNature materials2026

IL-12-releasing nanoparticles for effective immunotherapy of metastatic ovarian cancer.

Ivan S Pires, Gil Covarrubias, Victoria F Gomerdinger, Coralie Backlund, Eduardo Nombera Bueno, Margaret M Billingsley, Mae Pryor, Apoorv Shanker, Ezra Gordon, Shengwei Wu and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Ivan S PiresKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4035-0027
Gil CovarrubiasKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Victoria F GomerdingerKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1122-0482
Coralie BacklundKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8012-8340
Eduardo Nombera BuenoKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-1247-7708
Margaret M BillingsleyKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Mae PryorKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7211-8150
Apoorv ShankerKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Ezra GordonDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-6023-2789
Shengwei WuKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8175-3490
Andrew J PickeringKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1496-7752
Mariane B MeloKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0409-2454
Heikyung SuhKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Darrell J IrvineKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. djirvine@scripps.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-8637-1405
Paula T HammondKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. hammond@mit.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-9835-192X

Funding

VIRUS PRODUCTION COREP30CA014051 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI MATTHEW G. VANDER HEIDEN · 1985 to 2026
$93.9M
Delivery of cytokines for cancer immunotherapy using nanolayer-controlled trafficking of liposomal nanoparticlesR01CA235375 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI Paula T Hammond, Darrell J Irvine · 2019 to 2026
$2.3M
Engineering Next-Generation Nanoparticles One Layer at a TimeF99CA274651 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI SUSIN PIRES, IVAN · 2022 to 2023
$96k
Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, Inc.) F99CA274651Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, Inc.) R01CA235375NCI NIH HHS F99 CA274651NCI NIH HHS P30 CA014051NCI NIH HHS R01 CA235375
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors are effective in treating several advanced cancers, but these treatments have had limited success in metastatic ovarian cancer. Here we engineered liposomal nanoparticles carrying a poly-ʟ-arginine/poly-ʟ-glutamate coating that promotes their binding and retention on the surface of ovarian cancer cells. Covalent anchoring of the potent immunostimulatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) to phospholipid headgroups of the liposome core enabled the polymer-coated particles to concentrate IL-12 in disseminated ovarian cancer tumours following intraperitoneal administration. Shedding of the layer-by-layer coating and serum-protein-mediated extraction of IL-12-conjugated lipids from the liposomal core over time enabled IL-12 to disseminate in the tumour bed following rapid nanoparticle localization in tumour nodules. Optimized IL-12-polymer-coated nanoparticles promoted robust T cell accumulation in ascites and tumours in mouse models, extending survival compared with free IL-12 and sensitizing tumours to immune checkpoint inhibitors, eliciting strong immune responses and immune memory. Overall, these findings support the potential of these polymer-coated nanoparticles for the sustained delivery of IL-12 to disseminated metastatic ovarian cancer.

Indexed as

ImmunotherapyInterleukin-12NanoparticlesOvarian NeoplasmsAnimalsCell Line, TumorFemaleHumansLiposomesMiceNeoplasm MetastasisInterleukin-12Liposomes

Identifiers

PMID41174039
PMCPMC12867765

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.