ArticleWorld journal of urology2025
Epidemiology, treatment patterns and effectiveness of adherence to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy in intermediate and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients: a retrospective cohort analysis using German health claims data.
Article in World journal of urology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prognostic Impact of the Gustave Roussy Immune Score on Cancer-Specific Survival and Treatment Completion in Patients with Bladder Cancer.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to health management among patients receiving intravesical instillation.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Correspondence regarding "Epidemiology, treatment patterns and effectiveness of adherence to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy in intermediate and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients: a retrospective cohort analysis using German health claims data".World journal of urology · 2025Article
- Older Age and Outcomes of Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin for Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
purposeTo assess the epidemiology, treatment patterns, and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillations in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) patients to evaluate guidelines compliance and effectiveness of adherence on real-world outcomes.
methodsNMIBC patients with BCG-treatment were identified in a retrospective cohort study using German health claims data. The first BCG prescription was defined as index date. Crude and standardized annual incidence were calculated. Subsequent treatment regimens were described based on prescriptions to assess adherence. BCG-maintenance adherents were compared with non-adherents using a landmark time approach and Cox proportional hazard model.
resultsThe annual standardized incidence per 100,000 for intermediate- and high-risk NMIBC patients ranged from 7.6 to 10.4 in males and 1.2 to 1.9 in females from 2017 to 2021. The main cohort consisted of 817 patients (mean age: 72.5; male: 78%). Most patients (98%) received transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) as initial treatment followed by BCG, with a median number of 13 BCG instillations per patient (IQR: 8-21). 28% continued BCG in the maintenance phase at 24 months post-induction and 62% received at least one Re-TURBT post-index. BCG maintenance-adherent patients showed lower risk compared with non-adherent patients: adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.92 [0.73-1.18] for all-cause death; aHR: 0.49 [0.36-0.67] for advanced treatment; aHR: 0.65 [0.53-0.80] for disease progression.
conclusionReal-world compliance with clinical guidelines may require improvement based on BCG maintenance duration and adherence to treatment schedules. The benefits of BCG adherence in improving oncology-relevant outcomes support guidelines recommendations for sufficient BCG maintenance.
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