Evidence mapPaperPMID 41179718Full record

ArticleWorld journal of hepatology2025

Effect of empagliflozin on fractional excretion of sodium in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites.

Yuan Gao, Yun-Yi Gao, Rong-Ya Shi, Dong Ji, Yu Wang, Liang Xu, Qi Wang, Meng-Hua Wu, Han-Lu You, Qiu-Shi Bu and 8 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in World journal of hepatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Yuan GaoDepartment of Liver Disease Center, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Yun-Yi GaoDepartment of Safe Transfusion Laboratory, Beijing Red Cross Blood Center, Beijing 100088, China.
Rong-Ya ShiDepartment of Liver Disease Center, Baoding People's Hospital, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China.
Dong JiSenior Department of Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
Yu WangDepartment of Liver Research Center, National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
Liang XuDepartment of Hepatology, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
Qi WangCenter of Liver Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China.
Meng-Hua WuDepartment of Urology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China.
Han-Lu YouDepartment of Liver Disease Center, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Qiu-Shi BuAcademy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
Yi-Xi DongSchool of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 201315, Anhui Province, China.
Long-Zhen ZhouCollege of Teachers, Columbia University, New York, NY 10041, United States.
Wei LiuDepartment of Pharmacy, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Qing-Kun SongDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Biobank, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Ying HanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Hou WeiDepartment of Liver Disease Center, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Xin-Yu ZhangAcademy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
Zhong-Jie HuDepartment of Liver Disease Center, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China. yfcyt@139.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAscites is the most common complication of cirrhosis. Current pharmacological interventions, such as diuretics, often become ineffective in advanced stages due to diuretic resistance. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have demonstrated potential in enhancing urinary sodium excretion and mitigating sodium-fluid retention. This study aims to evaluate the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) in patients with cirrhotic ascites.

aimTo determine whether adjunctive therapy with the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin increases FENa compared with standard care alone in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites, and to evaluate its short-term safety profile.

methodsThe effect of SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin on FENa in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites is a multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial. A total of 70 patients with refractory ascites secondary to cirrhosis will be enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either empagliflozin 10 mg daily plus standard care or standard care alone for 14 consecutive days. The primary outcome is the change in FENa from baseline to day 14. Secondary outcomes include 24-hour urinary sodium excretion, urine volume, ascites volume (assessed by ultrasound), body weight, and safety indicators. Exploratory outcomes include changes in components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

resultsThis article reports the study protocol only. No participant data have been collected or analyzed for this manuscript.

conclusionThis protocol evaluates whether empagliflozin, added to standard therapy, increases sodium excretion and reduces fluid overload in refractory ascites.

Indexed as

AscitesCirrhosisEmpagliflozinFractional excretion of sodiumSodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor

Identifiers

PMID41179718
PMCPMC12576750

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.