Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41180989›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of gastroenterology2025

Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase level is associated with the risk of pancreatic cystic neoplasms: A nationwide retrospective cohort study.

Min Woo Lee, Jin Myung Park, In Rae Cho, Kwang Hyun Chung, Bong Seong Kim, Jin Ho Choi, Woo Hyun Paik, Ji Kon Ryu, Kyungdo Han, Sang Hyub Lee

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In one paragraph

Article in World journal of gastroenterology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Min Woo LeeDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
Jin Myung ParkDepartment of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24289, South Korea.
In Rae ChoDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
Kwang Hyun ChungDepartment of Internal Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital, Seoul 04401, South Korea.
Bong Seong KimDepartment of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, South Korea.
Jin Ho ChoiDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
Woo Hyun PaikDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
Ji Kon RyuDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
Kyungdo HanDepartment of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, South Korea.
Sang Hyub LeeDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea. gidoctor@snu.ac.kr.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a known surrogate marker of hepatic dysfunction and oxidative stress. It has recently been reported to be associated with metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and malignancies including pancreatic cancer. However, data on its association with pancreatic cystic neoplasm (PCN), is unknown.

aimTo investigate the association of GGT with the incidence of PCN.

methodsIn this nationwide retrospective cohort study, participants who received general health checkup by National Health Insurance Service in 2009 were included. Newly diagnosed PCNs from one year after the checkup to 2020 were identified. Participants were divided into quartiles based on GGT levels. Multivariable cox proportional hazard models estimated the risk of PCNs according to GGT quartiles (Q1-Q4). Subgroup analyses by age, sex, and comorbidities, and sensitivity analyses varying lag periods and GGT categorizations were performed.

resultsThere were 28940 cases of PCNs among 2655665 eligible participants. The incidence rate was 1.09 cases per 1000 person-years, with a median follow-up of 10.32 (interquartile range: 10.09-10.58) years. In multivariate regression analysis, adjusted hazard ratios for GGT quartiles using Q1 group as a reference were: 1.04 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.005-1.075] for Q2, 1.065 (95%CI: 1.03-1.102) for Q3, and 1.109 (95%CI: 1.07-1.15) for Q4. Subgroup analysis showed consistent results across age, sex, and comorbidities. In sensitivity analyses, the association remained robust even at 3-year and 5-year lag periods. A clear dose-response relationship was also observed when using GGT deciles (All

conclusionHigher GGT level is associated with increased risk of PCNs. Therefore, serum GGT levels might have a role as a biomarker for the development of PCNs.

Indexed as

gamma-GlutamyltransferasePancreatic CystPancreatic NeoplasmsAdultAgedBiomarkers, TumorFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsBiomarkers, Tumorgamma-Glutamyltransferasegamma-glutamyltransferase, humanBiomarkerCohort studyEpidemiologyGamma-glutamyl transferasePancreatic cystic neoplasm

Identifiers

PMID41180989
PMCPMC12576596

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.