ArticleInternational journal of spine surgery2025
Overlay of Nerve Roots to Aid in Augmented Reality-Guided L4 to L5 Transforaminal Interbody Fusion: A Methodologic Pilot.
Article in International journal of spine surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Augmented reality in non-instrumentation minimally invasive spine surgery: a narrative review and future perspectives.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMinimally invasive transfacet transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TF-TLIF) offers advantages over open approaches, including reduced tissue disruption and faster recovery. However, limited visualization increases the risk of neural injury, particularly to the exiting nerve roots and thecal sac. INNOVATION: This case report illustrates the integration of augmented reality (AR) to enhance real-time visualization during TF-TLIF. A 53-year-old man with symptomatic L4 to L5 spondylolisthesis underwent AR-assisted TF-TLIF. Preoperative imaging included magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and advanced neurography sequences (Multi-Echo iN Steady-state Acquisition, Short Tau Inversion Recovery, and Dixon T1), which were used to generate a 3D model of critical anatomy. A safe transfacet trajectory was planned preoperatively and overlaid onto the surgical field through the operative microscope, using intraoperative 3D imaging for registration. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring complemented visual guidance. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: AR enabled continuous visualization of neural structures during drilling, discectomy, and cage placement. The patient had no complications and was discharged on postoperative day 1 without new neurological deficits. While limited to a single case, this report demonstrates the feasibility of AR-assisted TF-TLIF. This technology may serve as a promising adjunct in minimally invasive spine surgery. Further studies are needed to assess the impact on efficiency and outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4:
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.