Trial reportEuropean journal of heart failure2025
Short- and mid-term effects of empagliflozin on sodium balance and fluid regulation in chronic heart failure.
Trial report in European journal of heart failure, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT03128528. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo Controlled, Parallel-group, Prospective Clinical Study to Analyse the Effect of Empagliflozin on Reduction of Tissue Sodium Content in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- SGLT2 gene expression in thirst-promoting NOS1 neurons and vasopressin-synthesizing neurons in male rats.Physiological reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsSodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors have become a cornerstone in managing chronic heart failure (CHF). While their acute impact on urinary glucose and sodium excretion is well-established, their mid- and long-term persistence of these effects remains uncertain. This study investigated fluid and sodium balance over 3 months in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial (NCT03128528). METHODS AND
resultsOverall, 74 patients with New York Heart Association class II-III CHF and an ejection fraction (EF) ≤49% were randomized (2:1) to empagliflozin 10 mg (n = 48) or placebo (n = 26). Sodium, potassium, glucose, urea, and urine were determined from standardized 24-h urine collections. Free water clearance (FWC) and plasma/urine osmolality were calculated. Body weight was measured, and dedicated sodium magnetic resonance imaging (
conclusionsMid-range effects of empagliflozin in heart failure with reduced EF include transient natriuresis and sustained glucosuria, with compensatory reductions in FWC. Reductions in skin sodium content were maintained, and volume homeostasis in CHF patients stabilized after 3 months.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.