Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41188821›Full record

SynthesisBMC oral health2025

AXIN2 variants, tooth agenesis, and cancer risk: a systematic review.

Nutthakarn Ratanasereeprasert, Narin Intarak, Chayanit Chaweewannakorn, Mushriq Abid, Anand Marya, Sung-Dae Cho, Thantrira Porntaveetus

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Nutthakarn RatanasereeprasertDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
Narin IntarakCenter of Excellent in Precision Medicine and Digital Health, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
Chayanit ChaweewannakornDepartment of Occlusion, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
Mushriq AbidDepartment of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, 01110, Iraq.
Anand MaryaDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, 12211, Cambodia.
Sung-Dae ChoDepartment of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
Thantrira PorntaveetusCenter of Excellent in Precision Medicine and Digital Health, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. Thantrira.P@chula.ac.th.

Funding

Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University DNS_68_160_3200_010Health Systems Research Institute 68-032Thailand Science Research and Innovation Fund, Chulalongkorn University HEA_FF_68_008_3200_001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVariants in the Axis Inhibition Protein 2 (AXIN2) have been associated with tooth agenesis, a congenital condition characterized by missing teeth, and an increased risk of various cancers. Studies suggest that individuals with AXIN2 variants may exhibit both dental anomalies and a predisposition to malignancies, particularly colorectal cancer. This raises the possibility that tooth agenesis could serve as an early clinical marker for identifying individuals at higher cancer risk.

methodA systematic review was conducted using data from 20 studies with 91 patients carrying 34 unique AXIN2 variants. The number and pattern of missing teeth, as well as the occurrence of cancer types, were evaluated. The genotypic location of AXIN2 variants was also assessed for clinical significance.

resultsMost AXIN2 variants were located within the SMAD3 domain. Patients with both tooth agenesis and cancer were more common than those with either condition alone. Among the mutation types, nonsense AXIN2 variants were associated with the most severe tooth agenesis phenotype, averaging 12.9 missing teeth. Second premolars were most frequently missing, and maxillary central incisors were least affected. Regarding cancer, colorectal cancer and polyps were the most common malignancies observed in both sexes, followed by breast and ovarian cancer in females and skin cancer in males.

conclusionsTooth agenesis, especially in individuals with AXIN2 variants affecting the SMAD3 domain, may serve as a clinical marker for identifying individuals at increased cancer risk. Recognizing congenital missing teeth in patients with AXIN2 mutations can aid in early cancer screening, improving early detection and outcomes through timely interventions and surveillance.

Indexed as

AnodontiaAxin ProteinNeoplasmsFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansRisk FactorsAXIN2 protein, humanAxin ProteinCancerDiagnosis screeningHealthcareHealth disparityTooth agenesisVariantWell-being

Identifiers

PMID41188821
PMCPMC12584280

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.