ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2025
Self-Assembled Carrier Free Oligomeric Proanthocyanidin/Tetrandrine Nanoparticles Ameliorate Osteoarthritis via Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Ferroptotic Pathways.
Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advances in carrier-free nanodrug delivery systems.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Osteoarthritis: multitissue pathology, molecular mechanisms, clinical management, and emerging precision and regenerative therapies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to design and characterize Oligomeric Proanthocyanidin-Tetrandrine nanoparticles (OPC-Tet NPs) in alleviating progress of osteoarthritis (OA) by anti-inflammatory and anti-ferroptosis mechanism. Methods: A carrier-free drug delivery system (DDS) has been designed based on OPC and Tet with the unification of medicines and excipients. In vitro studies have evaluated biosafety, cellular internalization, suppression of oxidative stress, and maintaining iron homeostasis in RAW 264.7 cells. The treatment efficacy and mechanism were investigated by using the papain-induced OA mouse model. Results: OPC and Tet were successfully self-assembled into NPs with a particle size of 153 nm approximately, exhibiting a spherical morphology, and narrow size distribution. In vitro results indicated that OPC-Tet NPs exhibit good biocompatibility with 78.4% cell viability at a concentration of 40 μg/mL. The results from micro-CT and pathological staining demonstrate that OPC-Tet NPs can effectively improve bone volume fraction (BV/TV [%]) by 30.5% compared to model group ( Conclusion: In summary, our results demonstrate OPC-Tet NPs show good biocompatibility, and treatment effect. The treatment mechanism of anti-inflammation and anti-ferroptosis were also verified. The current research not only offers a new strategy to manage OA but also provides more possibilities for potential application of natural products.
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Registered trials
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