Evidence mapPaperPMID 41190822Full record

ArticlemBio2025

mGem: Immune recognition and clearance of bacteriophages-implications for phage therapy.

H T Le, G Ahlenstiel, C Venturini, S A Read

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in mBio, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Revisiting the Fight AgainstAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  3. Phage-Based Approaches to ChronicAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

H T LeBlacktown Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
G AhlenstielBlacktown Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0026-1457
C VenturiniCentre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology (CIDM), Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2370-8661
S A ReadBlacktown Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-6775-2061

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacteriophages (phages) hold significant promise as targeted antibacterial therapies in the era of rising multidrug-resistant infections. Despite their therapeutic potential, the clinical application of phages for human infections has been significantly hindered by the rapid and robust immune response to phages in blood. The rapid clearance of >99% of phages from circulation within hours of injection is the result of innate and adaptive immune responses that target therapeutic phage for clearance and destruction. Methodologies must be developed to isolate and/or modify phages that are not only therapeutically potent but also immunologically camouflaged. The resulting second- and third-generation phage therapies will be more effective by evading host immune responses, enabling more efficient targeting of bacterial pathogens.

Indexed as

Bacterial InfectionsBacteriophagesPhage TherapyAdaptive ImmunityAnimalsBacteriaHumansImmunity, Innateadaptive immunitybacteriophagecell-mediated immunityphage therapyviral immunity

Identifiers

PMID41190822
PMCPMC12691614

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.