Evidence mapPaperPMID 41193438Full record

ReviewCurrent eye research2025

Cell Free Regenerative Extracellular Vesicle Therapy for Ocular Diseases.

Alexander Mike Tseng, Sangeetha Kandoi, Martin Heur, Sun Young Lee

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current eye research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Alexander Mike TsengRoski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Sangeetha KandoiSolomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Martin HeurRoski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Sun Young LeeRoski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3771-8799

Funding

Extracellular vesicle-based intraocular therapy combined with active targeting of ocular neovascularizationR01EY034193 · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · 2025 to 2025
$658k
Ophthalmic Therapeutics Engineering CoreP30EY029220 · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · 2025 to 2025
$554k
Extracellular Vesicle Therapy for Diabetic RetinopathyR21EY035425 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Sun Young Lee · 2023 to 2023
$480k
NEI NIH HHS P30 EY029220NEI NIH HHS R01 EY034193NEI NIH HHS R21 EY035425
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo assess the therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem cells and ocular tissues as a cell-free alternative to traditional stem cell therapies for a broad spectrum of ocular diseases.

methodsA comprehensive literature review was performed, focusing on preclinical studies involving EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), neural progenitor cells, immune cells, and ocular-resident cells. Data were extracted on EV cellular origin, isolation methods, routes of administration, preclinical disease models, therapeutic outcomes, and proposed mechanisms of action. Registered clinical trials were also evaluated.

resultsEVs exhibited regenerative and immunomodulatory effects across a range of ocular conditions, including dry eye, uveitis, glaucoma, retinal degenerations, and optic neuropathies. Various cell sources have been explored for EV production, including MSCs, iPSCs, hESCs, retinal organoids, and other ocular tissue-resident cells. In addition, bioengineered EVs have been developed to modify surface properties or enhance therapeutic cargo. Reported mechanisms of action include miRNA-mediated gene regulation, immune modulation, and oxidative stress reduction. Several early-phase clinical trials are currently underway to translate these findings into human therapies.

conclusionStem cell-derived EVs represent a promising next-generation, cell-free regenerative therapy for ocular diseases. While preclinical data are promising, successful clinical translation will require optimal EV source selection, scalable and GMP-compliant production, identification of disease-relevant mechanisms of action, rigorous cargo characterization, and alignment with regulatory standards.

Indexed as

Extracellular VesiclesEye DiseasesRegenerative MedicineAnimalsHumansExtracellular vesiclesocular therapyregenerative medicine

Identifiers

PMID41193438
PMCPMC12710449

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.