ReviewDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2025
Sarcopenia as a predictor of negative health outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of empagliflozin alone and in combination with exercise on the soleus muscle in obese type 2 diabetic rats.The journal of physiological sciences : JPS · 2026Article
- Sarcopenia and Frailty in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Overlooked Challenge.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSarcopenia represents a considerable public health issue and is associated with increased mortality and complication rates in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Existing evidence regarding adverse outcomes in patients with T2DM and sarcopenia is currently scattered and limited, and comprehensive evidence is lacking.
methodsA comprehensive search of Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted to identify relevant studies that assessed the impact of sarcopenia on mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and complications in individuals with T2DM. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool. The pooled hazard ratios and odds ratios, along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals for mortality, CVD, and complication estimates, were analyzed.
resultsFifteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. The overall risk of bias across the studies was low. Patients with T2DM and sarcopenia had a considerably elevated risk of mortality, with a pooled hazard ratio of 1.72 (95% CI = 1.28-2.32). Similarly, sarcopenia was associated with an increased hazard ratio for CVD of 1.94 (95% CI = 1.67-2.25). Furthermore, sarcopenia was associated with an elevated risk of developing diabetic complications, as evidenced by a hazard ratio of 1.12 (95% CI = 1.09-1.15) and an odds ratio of 2.49 (95% CI = 1.53-4.05).
conclusionsSarcopenia is predictive of adverse outcomes, including mortality, CVD, and diabetic complications, in patients with T2DM. Our findings underscore the clinical imperative for integrating sarcopenia assessment into routine T2DM management to facilitate early risk stratification.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.