Trial reportAging clinical and experimental research2025
Two-year follow-up assessment of a randomized controlled trial evaluating the durability of Tai Chi on cognitive function in older adults with type 2 diabetes and mild cognitive impairment.
Trial report in Aging clinical and experimental research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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10 authors.
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Abstract
aimsBuilding upon established short-term benefits, this study aimed to assess Tai Chi's durability for preserving global and domain-specific cognition in older adults (≥ 60 years) with type 2 diabetes and mild cognitive impairment (T2D-MCI), compared to fitness walking and health education.
methodsParticipants (n = 328) were randomized 1:1:1 to Tai Chi, fitness walking, or health education groups, completing 24-week interventions. Cognitive outcomes-global cognition (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA), executive function, attention, visuospatial ability, and language fluency-were evaluated at baseline, 24 weeks(post-intervention), 36 weeks, and 2 years. Linear mixed models analyzed group-by-time interactions, while time-dependent Cox regression quantified minimal clinically important difference (MCID) attainment (MoCA improvement ≥ 4 points).
resultsAt 2-year follow-up, linear mixed models revealed significant group-by-time interactions for MoCA (p < 0.001). The Tai Chi group showed greater MoCA improvement versus health education (mean difference: 1.8, 95% CI 0.3-3.3, p = 0.016). Crucially, 49.8% of Tai Chi practitioners achieved MCID-nearly double the probability of health education (HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.4-2.8, p < 0.001) and exceeding fitness walking (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.4; p = 0.005). Tai Chi selectively enhanced executive function (shorter Stroop reaction times vs. health education, p < 0.05; fewer color-word errors vs. fitness walking, p = 0.049) and visuospatial ability (higher Rey-Osterrieth copy scores vs. health education, p = 0.034).
conclusionsTai Chi provides superior long-term preservation of global cognition and executive/visuospatial function in T2D-MCI older adults, with nearly 50% achieving clinically meaningful cognitive improvement. As a scalable mind-body intervention, it warrants integration into geriatric preventive care to mitigate dementia risk.
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