SynthesisFrontiers in nutrition2025
Network meta-analysis of the effects of different dietary patterns on patients with metabolic syndrome.
Synthesis in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- A narrative review of dietary patterns in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Evaluation of nutritional interventions and their impact on metabolic syndrome risk markers in older adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Dietary patterns play an important role in the management of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Previous meta-analyses have shown that the ketogenic diet, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, the vegetarian diet, the Mediterranean diet, the low-fat diet, and the low-carbohydrate diet are beneficial for patients with MetS, but there is still a lack of direct comparison of the intervention effects of the above six dietary patterns. Objective: This study aimed to explore the intervention efficacy of different dietary patterns on MetS and to evaluate and compare the corresponding effects. Methods: A comprehensive search was carried out in electronic databases such as Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and CBM. The search covered studies published from the establishment of the databases up to 1 April 2025, with a focus on dietary patterns that can improve metabolic syndrome. A network meta-analysis was carried out using Stata 16.0 software. Results: Eventually, 26 randomized controlled trials were included, involving 2,255 patients. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that the DASH diet [MD = -5.72, 95% CI (-9.74, -1.71)] and the vegan diet [MD = -12.00, 95% CI (-18.96, -5.04)] were more effective in reducing the waist circumference of patients with MetS than the control diet group. In terms of lowering blood pressure, the DASH diet [MD = -5.99, 95% CI (-10.32, -1.65)] and the ketogenic diet [MD = -11.00, 95% CI (-17.56, -4.44)] were more effective in reducing systolic blood pressure in patients with MetS than the control diet group. The ketogenic diet [MD = -9.40, 95% CI (-13.98, -4.82)] was more effective in reducing diastolic blood pressure in patients with MetS than the control diet group ( Conclusion: The current evidence indicates that the vegan diet, the ketogenic diet, and the Mediterranean diet might have more pronounced effects in ameliorating MetS. Further high-quality research is needed to validate these findings. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier (CRD420251052075).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.