ReviewAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2025
The Immune Microenvironment in Liver Cancer: From Analysis to Targeting.
Review in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- IL-17/IL-17RA Axis Facilitates Immune Evasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Upregulating PD-L1 via the NF-κB Pathway.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- The Potential and Challenges of Focused Ultrasound-Mediated Therapies in the Management of Liver and Biliary Tract Cancers.Cancers · 2026Review
- Biomimetic Polymer-Based Nanomaterials for Immune-Responsive Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- The Immune Microenvironment in Liver Cancer: From Analysis to Targeting.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Despite advancements in early detection and treatment, liver cancer (LC) remains highly recurrent due to its complex immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), leading to poor prognosis in advanced stages. Nanomedicines (NMs) offer novel therapeutic strategies for reversing the immunosuppressive TME in LC. This review systematically analysed the diverse mechanisms contributing to immunosuppressive TME formation and explored the potential of smart responsive NMs in targeted drug delivery, immune remodeling, and multimodal therapy. The immunosuppressive TME in LC arises from abnormal physiological conditions, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, dysfunction of antigen-presenting cells, exhaustion of T cells, infiltration of immunosuppressive cells, metabolic reprogramming, and microbiota influences. Smart NMs can overcome delivery barriers through passive targeting and ligand-directed active targeting to LC cells via receptors, as well as to immunosuppressive cell populations. NMs can respond to endogenous and exogenous stimuli, enabling precise spatiotemporal drug release. This feature enables integration of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and physical therapies. Additionally, NMs can reprogram the TME by remodeling physiological conditions, inhibiting ECM deposition, regulating metabolism, inducing immunogenic cell death, and modulating microbiota-derived metabolites. Although toxicity and clinical translation still require further optimization, smart NMs offer a paradigm shift for LC therapy through an integrated "targeted delivery-immune reprogramming" strategy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.