ArticleMovement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society2026
Brain-Computer Interface Improves Symptoms of Isolated Focal Laryngeal Dystonia: A Single-Blind Study.
Article in Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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- XR-integrated brain-computer interfaces for augmentative and alternative communication: a systematic review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
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6 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveLaryngeal dystonia (LD) is a focal task-specific dystonia, affecting speaking but not whispering or emotional vocalizations. Therapeutic options for LD are limited. We developed and tested a non-invasive, closed-loop, neurofeedback, brain-computer interface (BCI) intervention for LD treatment.
methodsTen patients with isolated focal LD participated in the study. The personalized BCI system included visual neurofeedback of individual real-time electroencephalographic (EEG) activity during symptomatic speaking compared to asymptomatic whispering, presented in the virtual reality (VR) environment of real-life scenarios. During five consecutive days of intervention, patients used the BCI to learn to modulate their abnormally increased brain activity during speaking and match it to near-normal activity of asymptomatic whispering. Changes in voice symptoms and EEG activity were quantified for the evaluation of BCI effects.
resultsCompared to baseline, LD patients had a statistically significant reduction of their voice symptoms on Days 1-5 of BCI intervention. Thi was paralleled by improved controllability of the visual neurofeedback and a significant reduction of left frontal delta power, including superior and middle frontal gyri, on Day 1 and left central gamma power, including premotor, primary sensorimotor, and inferior parietal areas, on Days 3 and 5. The majority of patients (70%) reported sustained positive effects of the BCI intervention on their voice quality 1 week after the study participation.
conclusionThe closed-loop BCI neurofeedback intervention specifically targeting disorder pathophysiology shows significant potential as a novel treatment option for patients with LD and likely other forms of task-specific focal dystonia. © 2025 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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