Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41206378›Full record

ArticleThe protein journal2026

GCMS and Molecular Docking Based Insights into the Antifungal Potential of Bacillus Bs-06 Against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici.

K Vigneshwaran, K Rajamohan, P Balabaskar, P Sivasakthivelan, N H Shankar Reddy

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Article in The protein journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

K VigneshwaranDepartment of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, 608 002, India. vigneshpat03@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-5189-714X
K RajamohanDepartment of Plant Pathology, Sugarcane Research Station, Cuddalore, 607 001, Tamil Nadu, India. rajamohan.pat@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3669-9664
P BalabaskarDepartment of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, 608 002, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0343-6112
P SivasakthivelanDepartment of Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Bhavanisagar, Tamil Nadu, 638 451, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3167-0803
N H Shankar ReddyDepartment of Plant Pathology, K.B.R. College of Agriculture and Horticulture, Chandrasekharapuram, Andhra Pradesh, 523 112, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-9955-2777

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The utilization of Bacillus spp. as eco-compatible bioresources represented a promising strategy in antifungal biotechnology. In this study, Bacillus subtilis Bs-06, isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy tomato plants, exhibited strong antagonistic activity through the secretion of diverse bioactive metabolites. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of its culture extract identified ten major compounds, including Phenol-3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl), palmitic acid, oleic acid, and octadecanoic acid, which had been widely reported for antimicrobial efficacy. To investigate their Molecular Docking targeted the key virulence proteins of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici Cutinase (5AJH), Avr1/SIX4 (7T6A), and Avr3/SIX1 (7T69). Docking simulations revealed strong binding affinities, with Phenol-3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) showing the highest interaction energy (- 11.53 kcal/mol) against Avr3. The ligand-protein complexes were stabilized by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, suggesting potential inhibition of pathogen virulence functions. Normal mode analysis further demonstrated differential flexibility among protein-ligand complexes, where Avr1 exhibited the highest conformational mobility, while Cutinase displayed the greatest structural rigidity. These findings established Bs-06 as a valuable source of antifungal metabolites capable of targeting virulence determinants at the molecular level. The integration of GC-MS profiling, molecular docking, and dynamic simulations underscored the potential of Bacillus derived metabolites as sustainable biocontrol agents for managing Fusarium wilt in tomato.

Indexed as

Antifungal AgentsBacillus subtilisFungal ProteinsFusariumMolecular Docking SimulationCarboxylic Ester HydrolasesGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometrySolanum lycopersicumAntifungal AgentsCarboxylic Ester HydrolasescutinaseFungal ProteinsAntifungal metabolitesAvr proteinsBacillus subtilisCutinaseGC–MSMolecular docking

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.