Trial reportDrug design, development and therapy2025
Low-Dose Esketamine Plus Dexmedetomidine in Patient-Controlled Intravenous Analgesia Improves Post-Cesarean Sleep Quality: A Double-Blind Randomized Trial.
Trial report in Drug design, development and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Perioperative esketamine for prevention of postoperative sleep disturbance after anesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- The anxiolytic effect of dexmedetomidine in adult perioperative patients: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Dexmedetomidine for improving postpartum sleep quality following cesarean section in women: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Trial
- Effect of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Esketamine on Postoperative Fatigue in Patients Undergoing Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: A Single-Center Randomized Double-Blinded Controlled Trial.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Postoperative sleep disturbance can hinder recovery after cesarean section. Although either esketamine or dexmedetomidine alone has been shown to improve sleep quality, their combined use in patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) has not been well studied. This study aimed to evaluate whether adding dexmedetomidine to esketamine in PCIA could further enhance postoperative sleep quality in women after cesarean delivery. Patients and Methods: In this randomized trial, 105 women receiving PCIA were assigned to control (C), esketamine (E), or esketamine-dexmedetomidine (ED) groups. The primary outcome was the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ) score on postoperative day 1 (POD1). Secondary outcomes included pain Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores, Ramsay sedation scores, RCSQ on POD2-3, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores, analgesic demands, and adverse events. Results: On POD1, the RCSQ scores were significantly higher in both the Group E (43.5 ± 17.2; mean difference = 11.6; 95% CI, 4.8-18.6; Conclusion: Low-dose esketamine combined with dexmedetomidine in PCIA effectively improved postoperative sleep quality and pain relief after cesarean section, proving to be a safe and effective analgesic adjunct.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.