ReviewCureus2025
Cardiometabolic Benefits and Risks of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 (SGLT-2) Inhibitor and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonist Combination Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.
Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Influence of combination therapy with SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists on the management of blood pressure in Japanese patients with diabetes.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) management increasingly focuses on cardiometabolic protection. Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have complementary mechanisms, making their combination a promising strategy. This systematic review evaluates the cardiometabolic benefits and risks of SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA combination therapy in T2DM. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2020 and 2025. Nine RCTs, including cardiovascular outcome trials and mechanistic studies, were included. Data on cardiovascular, renal, glycaemic, and safety outcomes were extracted. The Cochrane RoB 2 tool was used for quality assessment. Combination therapy demonstrated additive cardioprotective effects. Post-hoc analyses showed GLP-1 RAs reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and heart failure hospitalisation regardless of background SGLT2i use, and SGLT2i benefits were maintained with concomitant GLP-1 RAs. The combination provided superior glycaemic control (HbA1c reduction), weight loss, and systolic blood pressure reduction compared to monotherapy. The safety profile was consistent with the known effects of each drug class, with no new or unexpected safety signals and manageable gastrointestinal and genital infection risks. The combination of SGLT2is and GLP-1 RAs in T2DM provides synergistic benefits for cardiovascular risk reduction, glycaemic control, weight, and blood pressure, without a significant increase in adverse events. This supports its use as a potent therapeutic strategy for high-risk patients, though definitive evidence from prospective trials designed specifically for combination therapy is still needed.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.