SynthesisThe New England journal of medicine2026
Beta-Blockers after Myocardial Infarction with Normal Ejection Fraction.
Synthesis in The New England journal of medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Beta-blockers in acute decompensated heart failure with and without cardiogenic shock: Should we initiate, continue, or withdraw? A systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of beta blockers in acute and chronic coronary syndromes without reduced ejection fraction: a landmark analysis from the REBOOT trial.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2026Trial
- Hypertension: a missing piece in HFpEF?Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Review
- Metabolite-based Analysis of High-Risk Factors on Occurrence of AKI in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2026Article
- May the universal truth rest in peace and us with her? On how to understand inconsistency in and among pharmacological trials.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2026Article
- When randomization is not enough: divergent β-blocker trials and the illusion of universal causality.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2026Article
- Advances in Clinical Cardiology 2025: A Summary of Key Clinical Trials.Advances in therapy · 2026Review
- Beta-blockers after myocardial infarction with preserved ejection fraction-reexamining established paradigms?Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Reply to Zhang and Lou: beta-blockers after myocardial infarction should be guided by indication, ejection fraction, and contemporary evidence.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2026Article
- Drug-Coated Balloon-Based Versus Drug-Eluting Stent-Only Strategy in Stable Angina and Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Propensity-Score Overlap-Weighted Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- β-Blockers after myocardial infarction with preserved or mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: Fragility of contemporary evidence.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Article
- Prognostic relevance of β1-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms on cardiovascular outcome in patients treated with metoprolol after acute myocardial infarction - an observational study.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Observational
- Differential Outcomes of Beta-Blockers According to Heart Rate Following Myocardial Infarction with Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Article
- Beta-Blocker Discontinuation After Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Review
- Beta-blocker therapy after myocardial infarction: an umbrella review.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Differential Outcomes of Beta-Blockers According to Heart Rate Following Myocardial Infarction with Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy in 2025.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2026Review
- Article
- Predicting atrial fibrillation after an acute coronary syndrome: insights from the BACS & BAMI study.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
31 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe benefit of beta-blockers after myocardial infarction in patients with a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is unclear.
methodsWe conducted a meta-analysis at the individual-patient level using data from five open-label trials that randomly assigned patients with recent myocardial infarction, no other indications for beta-blocker therapy, and an LVEF of at least 50% to receive beta-blocker therapy or no beta-blocker therapy. The primary end point was a composite of death from any cause, myocardial infarction, or heart failure. Event rates were analyzed with a one-stage fixed-effects Cox proportional-hazards model.
resultsA total of 17,801 patients were included from the REBOOT (7459 patients), REDUCE-AMI (4967 patients), BETAMI (2441 patients), DANBLOCK (2277 patients), and CAPITAL-RCT (657 patients) trials. Of these 17,801 patients, 8831 (49.6%) were assigned to receive a beta-blocker and 8970 (50.4%) were assigned to receive no beta-blocker. During a median follow-up of 3.6 years (interquartile range, 2.3 to 4.6), a primary-end-point event occurred in 717 patients (8.1%) in the beta-blocker group and 748 patients (8.3%) in the no-beta-blocker group (hazard ratio, 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87 to 1.07; P = 0.54). Death from any cause occurred in 335 patients in the beta-blocker group and 326 patients in the no-beta-blocker group (hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.89 to 1.21); myocardial infarction occurred in 360 and 407 patients, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.77 to 1.03); and heart failure occurred in 75 and 87 patients (hazard ratio, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.19).
conclusionsIn this meta-analysis including individual-patient data from five randomized trials, beta-blocker therapy did not reduce the incidence of death from any cause, myocardial infarction, or heart failure in patients with an LVEF of at least 50% after myocardial infarction without other indications for beta-blockers. (Funded by Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III and others; PROSPERO database number, CRD420251119176.).
Indexed as
Identifiers
41211954What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.