Evidence mapPaperPMID 41212764Full record

ArticleJNCI cancer spectrum2026

Gender-stratified analysis of sepsis mortality in cancer: a 45-year population-based cohort study.

Yadong Guo, Ziyou Lin, Wentao Zhang, Haotian Chen, Yongqiang Liu, Ji Liu, Junfeng Zhang, Aihong Zhang, Shiyu Mao, Xudong Yao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JNCI cancer spectrum, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yadong GuoDepartment of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China.ORCID 0000-0002-6684-7015
Ziyou LinDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.ORCID 0009-0009-7607-0682
Wentao ZhangDepartment of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China.ORCID 0000-0002-5733-4875
Haotian ChenDepartment of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China.
Yongqiang LiuDepartment of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China.ORCID 0000-0001-6029-8062
Ji LiuDepartment of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China.
Junfeng ZhangDepartment of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China.ORCID 0000-0001-9371-4560
Aihong ZhangDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, PR China.ORCID 0000-0002-4064-3989
Shiyu MaoDepartment of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China.ORCID 0000-0003-4652-6828
Xudong YaoDepartment of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China.ORCID 0000-0001-7234-3940

Funding

Shanghai Science and Technology Commission 22140903800
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSepsis is a major cause of death in cancer patients, yet its variation by cancer type and patient characteristics remains underexplored. We analyzed sepsis mortality in a large cancer cohort, focusing on gender and demographic disparities.

methodsWe analyzed 3 577 100 cancer cases from the SEER database (1975-2019) and calculated the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and absolute excess risk (AER), stratified by gender, cancer type, and demographics. Logistic regression identified factors linked to sepsis mortality odds, while Cox proportional hazards models evaluated their time-dependent effects.

resultsCancer patients experienced an excess sepsis mortality rate of 1.68 deaths per 10 000 person-years compared to the general population. Among 11 926 cancer patients who died from sepsis (0.39% of 3.07 million cases), males had consistently higher mortality than females. Risk was highest in older adults, Black, unmarried, or widowed males with high-grade cancer. Liver and pancreatic cancers showed the highest SMR and AER, followed by stomach, lung, and hematologic cancers, whereas breast and prostate cancers had lower mortality. Patients diagnosed within the first year of cancer diagnosis faced the greatest risk. Logistic regression identified protective factors including female sex, younger age, localized cancer, marriage, and radiation therapy, while Cox models highlighted the time-dependent protective effects of these factors.

conclusionsSepsis mortality varied significantly by gender, cancer type, and demographic characteristics. These findings emphasize the need for gender-specific and personalized management strategies to reduce sepsis mortality in high-risk cancer patients.

Indexed as

NeoplasmsSepsisAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsCohort StudiesFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsSEER ProgramSex Factors

Identifiers

PMID41212764
PMCPMC12962810

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.