Evidence mapPaperPMID 41217319Full record

ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology2025

Association of Lipoprotein(a) and Interleukin-6 With Cardiovascular Risk: MESA and UK Biobank.

Harpreet S Bhatia, James McParland, Rishi Rikhi, Michael Tsai, Moyses Szklo, Sotirios Tsimikas, Calvin Yeang, Michael D Shapiro

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Harpreet S BhatiaDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
James McParlandCenter for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Section on Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Rishi RikhiCenter for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Section on Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Michael TsaiDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Moyses SzkloDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Sotirios TsimikasDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Calvin YeangDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Michael D ShapiroCenter for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Section on Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA. Electronic address: mdshapir@wakehealth.edu.

Funding

Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Elevated Lipoprotein(a)K08HL166962 · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · 2025 to 2025
$169k
NHLBI NIH HHS K08 HL166962
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundElevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, and vascular inflammation is one mechanism through which Lp(a) causes ASCVD.

objectivesThe authors aimed to evaluate whether interleukin-6 (IL-6), a biomarker associated with inflammation and cardiovascular disease, helps risk-stratify individuals with elevated Lp(a).

methodsData from participants in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) (n = 6,514) and the UK Biobank (UKB) (n = 26,574) were used for this analysis. The associations between Lp(a) and IL-6 with coronary heart disease (CHD) (defined as myocardial infarction or resuscitated cardiac arrest), ASCVD (CHD and ischemic stroke), and peripheral vascular disease (PVD) were evaluated separately and with mutual adjustment in Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). HRs were presented per standard deviation. Participants were also grouped by Lp(a) level (≤50 or >50 mg/dL [125 nmol/L]) and IL-6 level (≤ median or > median) in similar models.

resultsParticipants with higher IL-6 levels were more likely to have higher body mass index, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and hsCRP with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Lp(a) (HR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.04-1.23 in MESA; HR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.09-1.13 in UKB) and IL-6 (HR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.10-1.35 in MESA; HR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.15-1.24 in UKB) were both independently associated with CHD events when evaluated separately. When evaluated together, no significant change was noted, and interaction testing was not significant. Similar results were seen for ASCVD and PVD. When participants were categorized by both Lp(a) and IL-6 levels, the strongest association for each outcome was noted when both levels were high (for CHD: HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.25-2.36 in MESA; HR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.12-1.72 in UKB).

conclusionsIn 2 independent primary prevention cohorts, Lp(a) and IL-6 were independent predictors of ASCVD risk, and their combination identified individuals at highest risk.

Indexed as

Biological Specimen BanksCardiovascular DiseasesInterleukin-6Lipoprotein(a)AgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersFemaleHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsUK BiobankUnited KingdomBiomarkersIL6 protein, humanInterleukin-6Lipoprotein(a)inflammationlipidsLp(a)preventionrisk factors

Identifiers

PMID41217319
PMCPMC13333245

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.