Evidence mapPaperPMID 41217853Full record

ArticleChemistry & biodiversity2026

In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Evaluation of Woodfordia Fruticosa for Cardio Protection against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy.

Gauri Goyal, Abhijeet Debnath, Ajay Kumar Pal, Mohamad Taleuzzaman, K Nagarajan, Vinay Kumar

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In one paragraph

Article in Chemistry & biodiversity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Gauri GoyalDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, JSS University, Noida, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7209-1163
Abhijeet DebnathNoida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1056-1197
Ajay Kumar PalDepartment of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7776-5923
Mohamad TaleuzzamanDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Maulana Azad University, Jodhpur, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5201-3503
K NagarajanDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KIET Group of Institutions (KIET School of Pharmacy), Delhi-NCR, Ghaziabad, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4912-2565
Vinay KumarDepartment of Pharmacology, KIET Group of Institutions (KIET School of Pharmacy), Delhi-NCR, Ghaziabad, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3821-1500

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Woodfordia fruticosa, known for its cardioprotective properties, using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo methods. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were used to identify and characterize the bioactive compounds in W. fruticosa. Molecular docking with dock score assessed the binding affinities of hecogenin, β-sitosterol, and pulmatin. Antioxidant potential was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. In vivo experiments involved inducing cardiomyopathy in Wistar albino rats with doxorubicin (16 mg/kg, ip) and treating them with W. fruticosa flower extract at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg for 16 days. Molecular docking studies revealed that hecogenin, β-sitosterol, and pulmatin exhibited strong binding affinities against human protein kinase ZAK, with Dock scores of -12.07, -11.42, and -11.04, respectively, surpassing the standard drug ramipril (-9.32). FTIR and GC-MS confirmed the presence of key phytoconstituents, including β-sitosterol, hecogenin, ellagic acid, kaempferol, and 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (Lawsone). In vitro antioxidant assays demonstrated significant free radical scavenging activity comparable to ascorbic acid. In vivo studies in Wistar albino rats showed that W. fruticosa flower extract significantly (p < 0.001) improved electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters, and significantly (p < 0.001) reduced cardiac biomarkers, including creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and cardiac troponin I, and mitigated histopathological damage in a dose-dependent manner caused by doxorubicin. The 400 mg/kg dose exhibited the most pronounced cardioprotective effects, normalizing ECG patterns, decreasing myocardial injury, and reducing fibrosis. W. fruticosa flower extract exhibited significant cardioprotective potential via the human protein kinase ZAK pathway against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy through in silico, in vitro, and in vivo evaluations. These findings suggest W. fruticosa as a promising natural agent for cardiomyopathy management, warranting further studies to elucidate its mechanisms, optimize dosing, and validate long-term safety and efficacy.

Indexed as

CardiomyopathiesCardiotonic AgentsDoxorubicinPlant ExtractsAnimalsAntioxidantsDose-Response Relationship, DrugHumansMaleMolecular Docking SimulationMolecular StructurePicratesRatsRats, WistarAntioxidantsCardiotonic AgentsDoxorubicinPicratesPlant Extractscardioprotectivedoxorubicinhuman protein kinase ZAKWoodfordia fruticosaβ‐sitosterol

Identifiers

PMID41217853
PMCPMC13420639

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.