ArticleNature biotechnology2025
A parts list of promoters and gRNA scaffolds for mammalian genome engineering and molecular recording.
Article in Nature biotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- A tunable Cas12a platform for single-cell perturbation screening and CRISPRi.Nature communications · 2026Article
- In Vivo T-Cell Engineering: Revolution in Delivery Strategies and Clinical Translation.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- AI-enabled vascular grafts monitor blood flow.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Base editors model mitochondrial disease.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- A mitochondrial disease model is generated and corrected using engineered base editors in rat zygotes.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- AAV vectors tested in perfused human livers.Nature biotechnology · 2025Article
- A parts list of promoters and gRNA scaffolds for mammalian genome engineering and molecular recording.Nature biotechnology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A standardized 'parts list' of sequences for genetic engineering of microbes has been indispensable to progress in synthetic biology, but few analogous parts exist for mammalian systems. Here we design libraries of extant, ancestral, mutagenized or miniaturized variants of polymerase III promoters and guide RNA (gRNA) scaffolds and quantify their abilities to mediate precise edits to the mammalian genome through multiplex prime editing. We identify thousands of parts for reproducible editing in human and mouse cell lines, including hundreds with greater activity than commonly used sequences. Saturation mutagenesis screens identify tolerated sequence variants that further enhance sequence diversity. In an application to molecular recording, we design a 'ten key' array that, in mammalian cells, achieves balanced activity of pegRNAs as predicted by the activity of the component parts. The data reported here will aid the design of synthetic loci encoding arrays of gRNAs exhibiting predictable, differentiated levels of activity for applications in multiplexed perturbation, biological recorders and complex genetic circuits.
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.