ArticleEuropean journal of medical research2025
Nonlinear association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and carotid atherosclerosis risk in patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective analysis from China.
Article in European journal of medical research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) on carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.
methodsThis retrospective cohort study included 390 patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized in medical institutions between January 2023 and March 2024. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the effect of HDL-C on CAS. Nonlinear associations were examined using restricted cubic spline models.
resultsThe cohort demonstrated a CAS incidence of 66.41% (95% CI 61.70-71.12%). Multivariate regression demonstrated that higher HDL-C concentrations were associated with a lower risk of CAS (adjusted OR = 0.27, 95% CI 0.09-0.80, P = 0.0187). Notably, an L-shaped relationship was identified, with a threshold effect; a significant reduction in CAS risk was observed for HDL-C levels ≤ 1.62 mmol/L (adjusted OR = 0.10, 95% CI 0.03-0.42, P = 0.0014), while no significant association was detected above this level (adjusted OR = 5.34, 95% CI 0.25-114.45, P = 0.2844).
conclusionOur findings unveil an L-shaped correlation between HDL-C and CAS risk, with a distinct protective effect of HDL-C observed only below the inflection point. Our findings suggest the potential value of clinical trials aiming to elevate HDL-C as a therapeutic strategy for controlling CAS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.