Evidence mapPaperPMID 41220116Full record

SynthesisClinical and experimental dental research2025

Periodontitis and Tooth Loss Are Associated With Higher Risks of Cognitive Disorders: A Systematic Umbrella Meta-Analysis.

Balen Hamid Qadir, Mohammed Khalid Mahmood, Yad Mariwan Mohammed Amin, Handren Ameer Kurda, Tara Ali Rasheed, Ahmed Hama Noori, Zana Fuad Noori, Mohammed Aso Abdulghafor, Hevi Nihad Mohammed Fadhil, Mohammed Taib Fatih and 3 more

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Clinical and experimental dental research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Balen Hamid QadirDepartment of Dentistry, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq.
Mohammed Khalid MahmoodFaculty of Medical and Paramedical Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, French National Center of Scientific Research (CNRS), French Blood Establishment (EFS), Bio-Cultural Anthropology, Law, Ethics and Health Laboratory (ADES), Marseille, France.ORCID 0000-0002-8093-9514
Yad Mariwan Mohammed AminDepartment of Dentistry, Tishk International University, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq.
Handren Ameer KurdaCollege of Dentistry, Sulaymaniyah University, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq.
Tara Ali RasheedCollege of Dentistry, Sulaymaniyah University, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq.ORCID 0000-0001-6730-5114
Ahmed Hama NooriDepartment of Psychotic Disorders, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Zana Fuad NooriDepartment of Dentistry, American University of Iraq, Sulaimani (AUIS), Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq.
Mohammed Aso AbdulghaforCollege of Dentistry, Sulaymaniyah University, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq.
Hevi Nihad Mohammed FadhilDepartment of Dentistry, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq.
Mohammed Taib FatihDepartment of Dentistry, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq.
Delphine TardivoFaculty of Medical and Paramedical Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, French National Center of Scientific Research (CNRS), French Blood Establishment (EFS), Bio-Cultural Anthropology, Law, Ethics and Health Laboratory (ADES), Marseille, France.
Herve TasseryConservative and Endodontic Department, Dental School of Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
Romain LanFaculty of Medical and Paramedical Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, French National Center of Scientific Research (CNRS), French Blood Establishment (EFS), Bio-Cultural Anthropology, Law, Ethics and Health Laboratory (ADES), Marseille, France.

Funding

The authors received no specific funding for this study.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivePeriodontal disease (PD) and cognitive disorders (CDs) are common in older people, and these variables appear to be linked. The aim of this article was to assess this association using an umbrella meta-analysis.

methodsPubMed and MEDLINE were searched for records until June 2025. The groups were compared using odds ratio (OR) and relative risk (RR).

resultsA total of 20 meta-analyses were included. Individuals with PD and its consequences had higher chances of having/developing all-type CDs: periodontitis (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.37-1.97, p = < 0.0001), tooth loss (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.32-1.71, p = < 0.0001). The risk was much higher for patients with severe periodontitis: (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 2.26-3.20, p = < 0.0001). Pooled analysis for cohort studies was (RR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.20-1.32, p = < 0.0001).

conclusionPD is associated with CDs with low to moderate certainty of evidence measured by GRADE.

Indexed as

Cognition DisordersPeriodontitisTooth LossHumansRisk FactorsAlzheimer's diseasecognitive declinecognitive disordercognitive impairmentdementiaperiodontal diseaseperiodontitistooth loss

Identifiers

PMID41220116
PMCPMC12606017

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.